Table 3.
Poisson Regression Models of the Ratio of Hospitalizations and Length of Hospitalization Between Participants With Albuminuria Versus Those Without Albuminuria and by Doubling of Urine Albumin–Creatinine Ratio
| All | Men | Women | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rate Ratio | 95% CI | p Value | Rate Ratio | 95% CI | p Value | Rate Ratio | 95% CI | p Value | |
| All | |||||||||
| Hospitalization | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.70 | 1.56, 1.85 | <.001 | 1.64 | 1.44, 1.85 | <.001 | 1.75 | 1.56, 1.96 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.39 | 1.27, 1.53 | <.001 | 1.36 | 1.19, 1.57 | <.001 | 1.42 | 1.25, 1.60 | <.001 |
| Hospital days | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.90 | 1.69, 2.14 | <.001 | 1.85 | 1.56, 2.20 | <.001 | 1.95 | 1.66. 2.29 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.56 | 1.37, 1.76 | <.001 | 1.48 | 1.23, 1.77 | <.001 | 1.61 | 1.35. 1.91 | <.001 |
| No diabetes | |||||||||
| Hospitalization | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.62 | 1.47, 1.79 | <.001 | 1.58 | 1.35, 1.83 | <.001 | 1.65 | 1.45, 1.89 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.40 | 1.26, 1.55 | <.001 | 1.43 | 1.22, 1.69 | <.001 | 1.36 | 1.18, 1.56 | <.001 |
| Hospital days | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.82 | 1.59, 2.10 | <.001 | 1.79 | 1.48, 2.16 | <.001 | 1.86 | 1.52, 2.26 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.56 | 1.36, 1.79 | <.001 | 1.57 | 1.29, 1.91 | <.001 | 1.53 | 1.26, 1.87 | <.001 |
| Diabetes | |||||||||
| Hospitalization | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.55 | 1.29, 1.86 | <.001 | 1.47 | 1.14, 1.90 | .003 | 1.62 | 1.25, 2.09 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.37 | 1.11, 1.70 | .003 | 1.15 | 0.84, 1.57 | .383 | 1.65 | 1.21, 2.23 | .002 |
| Hospital days | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.69 | 1.32, 2.17 | <.001 | 1.65 | 1.13, 2.42 | .011 | 1.75 | 1.27, 2.41 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.49 | 1.11, 2.00 | .008 | 1.24 | 0.77, 2.00 | .384 | 1.79 | 1.23, 2.61 | .003 |
| LOG2 ACR | |||||||||
| Hospitalization | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.14 | 1.12, 1.16 | <.001 | 1.13 | 1.10, 1.16 | <.001 | 1.15 | 1.13, 1.82 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.09 | 1.07, 1.12 | <.001 | 1.09 | 1.06, 1.13 | <.001 | 1.10 | 1.07, 1.13 | <.001 |
| Hospital days | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.18 | 1.15, 1.21 | <.001 | 1.17 | 1.13, 1.21 | <.001 | 1.18 | 1.14, 1.22 | <.001 |
| Model 2 | 1.13 | 1.10, 1.16 | <.001 | 1.13 | 1.09, 1.17 | <.001 | 1.13 | 1.08, 1.17 | <.001 |
Notes: ACR = albumin–creatinine ratio; CI = confidence interval. Models are also categorized by the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus. Model 1 adjusted for age, gender, black race, clinic site. Model 2 further adjusted for waist circumference, smoking status, diabetes, prevalent cardiovascular disease, log2(C-reactive protein), estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C levels, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, self-reported health (excellent, very good, good versus fair, poor), HbA1c, alcoholic drinks per week (0, <7, >7), hypertension, antihypertension mediations, serum albumin.