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. 2020 Jan 2;75(12):2361–2370. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glaa012

Table 3.

Statistically Significant Predictors of “Hourly Frequency” (a) and “Daily Duration” (b) Captured by the WIMU-GPS and Diary

a. “Hourly frequency” captured by the WIMU-GPS and Diary
Participant characteristics Higher Diary Agreement
Incidence rate ratio (eβ) p Incidence rate ratio (eβ) p
Age  α 0.97 .0336   1.06 .0065  
Gender (ref: women) 0.69 .0406   1.135 .6635
Employment status  α (ref: retired) 1.66 .0152   0.398 .0754  ††
Education (ref: graduate degree)
< High school 0.76 .3919 1.331 .4714
High school graduate 2.41 .1487 0.880 .7703
Some college 0.59 .3891 3.286 .0105  
College diploma 1.44 .2057 0.924 .8654
Undergraduate degree 1.31 .3703 1.044 .9264
Postgraduate program 2.41 .0745  †† 5.17 × 10−11 .9999
Income  α (ref: >$90,000)
0–$19,999 0.55 .1005  †† 1.727 .2799
$20,000–$39,999 0.6903 .2926 1.221 .7079
$40,000–$59,999 0.781 .4391 1.061 .9085
$60,000$89,999 1.78 .0570  †† 0.915 .8743
Years since diagnosis 0.95 .0077   1.027 .1671
Impact of PD on dimensions of daily living (PDQ-39 scores):
1. Mobility  α 0.992 .0727  †† 1.006 .2698
2. Activity of daily living  α 0.99 .0470   1.010 .1203
3. Emotional well being 0.9966 .5293 0.992 .3294
4. Perceived stigma 0.988 .0557  †† 1.016 .0210  
5. Social Support 1.009 .1571 0.987 .2804
6. Cognition 0.991 .0717  †† 1.004 .5415
7. Communication 0.997 .5785 1.002 .7497
8. Bodily discomfort  α 0.992 .0555  †† 0.998 .7395
9. Overall quality of life  α 0.989 .0919  †† 1.0055 .5367
b. “Daily duration” captured by the WIMU-GPS and Diary
Higher WIMU-GPS Higher Diary
Participant characteristics Incidence rate ratio (e  β) p Incidence rate ratio (e  β) p
Age  α 1.0078 .3121 0.974 .0552  ††
Employment status  α (ref: retired) 0.748 .0482   1.932 .0007  
Income  α (ref: >$90,000)
0–$19,999 0.972 .8722 1.165 .7147
$20,000–$39, 999 0.833 .3208 1.920 .1000  ††
$40,000–$59, 999 0.866 .3983 1.709 .1641
$60,000$89,999α 0.817 .2707 2.015 .0746  ††
Residential setting (ref: rural, outside of town)
 Urban 0.944 .7004 1.157 .5336
 Suburban 1.099 .5463 0.740 .2835
 Rural, in town 1.134 .3561 0.662 .0929  ††
Impact of PD on dimensions of daily living (PDQ-39 scores):
1. Mobility  α 1.003 .1553 0.987 .0100  
2. Activity of daily living  α 1.004 .1141 0.986 .0060  
3. Emotional well being 1.000 .9982 0.9995 .9264
4. Perceived stigma 1.002 .4522 0.993 .2068
5. Social Support 0.998 .6674 1.005 .4726
6. Cognition 1.001 .5691 0.995 .2992
7. Communication 1.002 .5079 0.995 .3131
8. Bodily discomfort  α 1.002 .3119 0.993 .0782  ††
9. Overall quality of life  α 1.004 .3084 0.988 .0735  ††

Note: Significant predictors of higher WIMU-GPS recordings were not found for “hourly frequency.” Significant predictors of agreement between the measurements were not assessed for “daily duration.” PD = Parkinson’s disease.

Significant at p = .05, p = .01. ††Significant at p = .1. αCovariate was significant for both community mobility outcomes.