Table 16.
Parasite | Gene | Extracted/Spiked/Natural DNA | Sample | Sample Size | Sensitivity | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S. japonicum | 28S ribosomal (Sj28S) gene | Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | 4006 a | 1/50 | [160] |
S. mansoni | Mitochondrial minisatellite DNA region | Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | 1175 b | ND | [155] |
S. mansoni | ITS | Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | Individually: 11 Pools: 8 |
70 fg | [161] |
S. mansoni | IGS 28S-18S ribosomal RNA |
Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | 41 | 1 fg | [162] |
S. haematobium is | Dral repeat fragment | Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | 103 | 0.1 fg | [163] |
S. mansoni | Sm1-7 repeat fragment | |||||
S. haematobium is | Dral repeat fragment | Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | 11 | 0.1 fg | [164] |
S. mansoni | Sm1-7 repeat fragment | |||||
S. japonicum | 28S rDNA gene | Natural DNA | Snail soft tissues | 362 | 100 fg | [165] |
a 232 pooled snail samples from single snails. b 46 pooled snail samples from single snails.