Expression of pro-caspase 9, pro-caspase 3, and caspase 3 in hydroxytyrosol treated melanoma cells. A375 cells (A–D) were treated with 250 μM, 375 μM, and 500 μM of hydroxytyrosol and HT-144 cells (E–H) were treated with 250 μM, 350 μM, and 450 μM of hydroxytyrosol for 24 h and 48 h. The expression of pro-caspase 9 (A,E, upper panels, B,F), pro-caspase 3 (A,E, second panels, C,G), and caspase 3 (A,E, third panels, D,H) was analysed in A375 and HT-144 cell lines in response to the treatment with hydroxytyrosol through western blot experiments. The equal protein loading was confirmed by the analysis of β-actin expression (A,E, lower panels). The data are representative of several western blot experiments. The error bars indicate the standard deviation. Statistical significance was analysed by Student’s t-test: * p < 0.05 was considered significant; ** p < 0.01 highly significant; *** p < 0.001 very highly significant.