Table 2.

Secondary metabolites identified in Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC extracts by LC-MS systems.

No.	rt	MW	Fragmentation in Negative Ionization	Identification	Platycodon			Formula	Mass of [M-H]-		error [ppm]	PubMed	ID l	Ref
					E1	E2	E3		calculated	measured
1	3.5	990	989, 809, 827,647, 485	caffeic acid pentaglycoside		*		C39H57O29	989.3214	989.32104	0.821		3	[26]
2	3.6	828	827, 665, 647, 501, 339, 179	caffeic acid tetraglycoside		*		C33H47O24	827.2674	827.26855	1.385		3	[26]
3	4.6	666	665, 5030,0 485,0 381,0 341, 161	caffeic acid triglycoside		*		C24H41O21	665.2146	665.21527	1.035		3	[26]
4	7.9	516	515, 353, 323, 191, 179	5-caffeoylquinic acid glucoside			*	C22H27O14	515.1406	515.13953	−2.133		2	[26]
5	8.6	354	353, 269, 250, 191, 179	3-caffeoylquinic acid		*		C16H17O9	353.087	353.1041	4.76		1 (std) *	[26]
6	8.7	610	609, 447, 327	isoorientin 7-O-glucoside	*			C27H29O16	609.1456	609.1477	−3.521	170474254	1 (std) *	[26]
7	9.3	610	609, 489, 429, 309	isoorientin 2”-O-glucoside	*			C27H29O16	609.145	609.1424	−4.2946		2	[26]
8	9.6	684	683, 521, 503, 491, 359, 285	lariciresinol O-diglucoside	*			C32H43O16	683.25641	683.2557	1.098		2	[27]
9	9.7	594	593, 473, 431, 311	Isovitexin 7-O-glucoside	*			C27H29O15	593.1507	593.1519	2.973	170474252	1 (std) *	[26]
10	9.8	522	567, 521, 475, 397, 341	lariciresinol O-glucoside	*			C26H33O11	521.20355	521.2036	1.372	11972395	2	[27]
11	10.4	354	353, 191, 173	5-caffeoylquinic acid			*	C16H17O9	353.087	353.0857	−2.8751	1794427	1 (std) *	[26]
12	10.5	588	587, 425, 263, 231, 161, 143,	n-hexyl-triglucoside		*		C24H43O16	587.25623	587.2557	0.966		3	[28]
13	13.4	558	557, 395, 263, 161, 143	lobetyolin glucoside		*		C26H37O13	557.22394	557.224	−0.044		3	[29]
14	14.3	464	463, 417, 301, 265	quercetin O-glucoside	*			C21H19O12	463.08926	463.0882	2.291		2	[26]
15	16.2	845	844, 683, 595, 409, 150	platycoside K	*			C42H67O17	844.31201	844.3159	−4.622	102004765	3	[30]
16	17.2	504	503, 323, 161	caffeic acid diglucoside		*		C21H27O14	503.14038	503.1406	−0.494		3	[28]
17	19.3	1107	1106, 991, 941, 868, 857, 749	platyconic acid C	*			C52H83O25	1107.52441	1107.5229	1.372	102052424	3	[31]
18	19.5	402	401, 274, 229	Icariside F	*		*	C18H25O10	401.14572	401.1453	0.997	C00031877	3	[28]
19	19.8	828	827, 747, 665, 501, 454	platycodigenin gentobioside	*	*	*	C42H67O16	827.44464	827.4435	1.427		3	[28]
20	20	960	959, 869, 798, 711, 670, 496	platycoside F	*			C47H75O20	959.48444	959.4857	−1.332	101048500	3	[32]
21	22.6	1400	1399, 1355, 1190, 988, 654, 572	platycoside I	*		*	C64H103O33	1399.63647	1399.6387	−1.599	11622299	3	[32]
22	25.9	1387	1386, 943, 681, 519, 471, 409, 376, 317,	platycodin D3		*		C63H101O33	1385.62158	1385.6231	−1.067	70698293	3	[32]
23	26.7	1255	1254, 843, 682, 519, 444, 375	deapi-platycodin D3	*	*		C58H93O29	1253.58081	1253.5808	0.008	50900942	3	[32]
24	27.1	564	563, 413, 293	apigenin 6-C-[2′′-O-glucoside]-arabinoside	*			C26H27O10	563.1395	563.1414	3.246		2	[33]
25	27.1	1428	1427,1367, 843, 825, 513	3′′-O-acetyl-platycodin D3		*	*	C65H103O34	1427.63367	1427.6336	0.033		3	[28]
26	27.7	1370	1369, 827, 665, 503, 461	polygalacin D2		*		C63H101O32	1369.63013	1369.6281	1.45	53325781	3	[33]
27	28.5	1296	1295, 885, 843, 643, 569	deapi-2′′-O-acetyl-platycodin D2		*	*	C60H95O30	1295.59229	1295.5914	3.41	60712775	3	[28]
28	28.6	624	623, 443, 323	isoscoparin 2′′-O-glucoside	*			C28H31O16	623.1612	623.1634	−3.5303	170474228	2	[26]
29	10.4	816	815, 461, 447, 327	isoorientin 7-O-[6′′-sinapoyl]-glucoside	*			C38H39O20	815.20422	815.204	0.254	170474256	2	[26]
30	29	1428	1427, 1368, 1277, 843, 825, 781, 663, 620, 471	3′′-O-acetylo-platycodin D2		*		C65H103O34	1427.63489	1427.6336	0.888	160712921	3	[28]
31	29	1266	1265, 1037, 877, 767, 554	platycodin C			*	C59H93O29	1265.57996	1265.5808	−0.663	46173919	3	[28]
32	29.2	594	593, 443, 323	isoscoparin 2′′-O-arabinoside	*			C27H29O15	593.1507	593.1519	2.973	170474209	2	[26]
33	29.6	1255	1254, 843, 663, 519, 473, 493	platycoside A		*		C58H93O29	1253.5813	1253.5808	0.399	50900942	3	[32]
34	29.9	1092	1091, 681, 635, 457, 407, 391, 375	deapi-platycodin D		*	*	C52H83O24	1091.52869	1091.528	0.654	70698266	3	[32]
35	30.5	1106	1105, 695, 519	platycoside N			*	C53H84O24	1104.53564	1104.5358	−0.146		3	[34]
36	31	1266	1265, 1205, 723, 681, 561, 519, 501, 471, 379	platycodin A		*	*	C59H93O29	1265.58459	1265.6808	2.995	46173910	3	[33]
37	31.1	1224	1223, 1133, 1014, 959, 681, 635, 633, 501, 569, 391	platycodin D		*	*	C57H91O28	1223.57031	1223.5702	0.061	162859	3	[33]
38	31.2	1386	1385, 843, 681, 519, 471	platycodin D2		*		C63H101O33	1385.62268	1385.6231	−0.273	53317652	3	[28]
39	31.3	1238	1237, 1027, 541, 485, 423, 347	deapi-polygalacin D3		*	*	C58H93O28	1237.58594	1237.5859	0.044		3	[28]
40	31.4	786	785, 447, 327	isoorientin 7-O-[6′′-feruloyl]-glucoside	*			C37H37O19	785.1929	785.1966	−4.687		2	[26]
41	31.5	1281	1280, 1069, 695, 521, 435, 374	platycodin K		*	*	C59H92O30	1279.55798	1279.5601	−1.629		3	[31]
42	31.7	1428	1427, 1367, 1206, 1021, 825, 843, 519	2′′-O-acetyl-deapi-platycodin D2		*		C65H103O34	1426.62378	1246.6238	−1.414		3	[28]
43	31.9	1267	1266, 1205, 1133, 1115, 723, 681, 663, 469	2′′-O-acetyl-platycodin D		*	*	C59H94O29	1265.58301	1265.583	1.747		3	[28]
44	32.7	844	843, 681, 519, 473, 408, 377	platycoside L		*		C42H68O17	843.43903	843.4384	0.778	11556931	3	[30]
45	33.3	1077	1076, 1045, 835, 791, 598, 503, 485, 427	platycoside J	*	*		C52H84O23	1075.53406	1075.5331	0.928	11528185	3	[31]
46	34.4	682	681, 635, 457, 519, 407	3-O-glucoside platycodigenin		*	*	C36H57O12	681.38617	681.3856	0.909		3	[28]
47	34.7	610	609, 285, 188	luteolin diglucoside			*	C27H29O16	609.1456	609.1477	−3.521		3	[26]
48	35.6	666	665, 619, 503	3-O-glucoside polygalacic acid	*	*		C36H57O11	665.39105	665.3906	0.623		3	[28]

Legend: a—metabolite identification level according to Metabolomics Standards Initiative recommendation [35]. The levels include: (1) Identified compounds, (2) Compounds annotated without chemical reference standards, based upon physicochemical properties and spectral similarity with public spectral libraries, (3) Compound classes characterized based upon characteristic physicochemical properties of a chemical class of compounds, or by spectral similarity to known compounds of a chemical class, (4) Unknown compounds—although unidentified or unclassified, these metabolites can still be differentiated and quantified, based upon spectral data. std—identification on the basis of standard compound fragmentation; * standard provided by Extrasynthese, France, MW—molecular mass.