Table 4.
Influence of different extracts from Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC on VEGF, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and mucin (MUC5AC) mRNA expression in rats’ bronchi.
| Group | n | VEGF | TGF-β1 | TGF-β2 | TGF-β3 | Mucin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| control | 10 | 0.76 ± 0.40 | 1.15 ± 0.24 | 0.87 ± 0.35 | 0.73 ± 0.12 | 0.64 ± 0.10 |
| Control + SO2 | 9 | 182 ± 52 * | 1.61 ± 0.25 * | 9.23 ± 0.23 * | 0.61 ± 0.04 | 0.47 ± 0.15 * |
| E1 + SO2 | 9 | 43 ± 28 # | 1.06 ± 0.21 # | 0.75 ± 0.16 # | 0.54 ± 0.15 | 1.06 ± 0.10 # |
| E2 + SO2 | 9 | 79 ± 27 # | 0.96 ± 0.14 # | 0.87 ± 0.10 # | 1.01 ± 0.17 # | 0.80 ± 0.15 # |
| E3 + SO2 | 9 | 52 ± 35 # | 1.02 ± 0.13 # | 1.15 ± 0.12 # | 0.92 ± 0.12 # | 0.97 ± 0.13 # |
Legend: n—number of rats. Values are expressed as means±SD, *—vs. control, p ≤ 0.05, #—vs. control+SO2, p ≤ 0.05.