Table 5.
Influence of different extracts from Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC on TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and mucin (MUC5AC) mRNA expression in the rats’ lungs.
| Group | n | TGF-β1 | TGF-β2 | TGF-β3 | Mucin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| control | 10 | 3.15 ± 0.75 | 7.48 ± 2.23 | 5.60 ± 1.35 | 0.26 ± 0.03 |
| Control + SO2 | 9 | 6.39 ± 2.04 * | 12.2 ± 0.81 * | 1.96 ± 0.21 * | 0.72 ± 0.12 * |
| E1 + SO2 | 9 | 2.34 ± 0.40 # | 2.03 ± 0.38 # | 4.72 ± 0.72 # | 1.14 ± 0.44 # |
| E2 + SO2 | 9 | 0.56 ± 0.22#, & | 0.45 ± 0.20 #, & | 1.13 ± 0.29 | 0.44 ± 0.09 # |
| E3 + SO2 | 9 | 0.57 ± 0.13#, & | 0.24 ± 0.10 #, & | 1.49 ± 0.12 | 1.10 ± 0.19 # |
Legend: n—number of rats. Values are expressed as means±SD; *—vs. control, p ≤ 0.05; #—vs. control+SO2, p ≤ 0.05 & –vs. E1 + SO2, p ≤ 0.05