Figure 7.

Chromogranin-A (Chga)-deficient alternatively activated macrophages (M2)-conditioned supernatant reduces interleukin (IL)-18 mRNA expression and release in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-stimulated Caco-2 epithelial cells. Caco-2 cells were seeded at 3 × 10⁵ cells/well onto tissue culture plates and treated with 2 mL of non-conditioned supernatant (Mo) or M2-conditioned supernatant of wild-type (Chga^+/+) and Chga-knockout (Chga^−/−) for 24 h. Then cells were challenged with 5% DSS or regular medium for an additional 24 h. (A) IL-18 mRNA expression were quantified by RT-qPCR; (B) IL-18 releases were quantified by ELISA. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Each value represents the mean ± SEM, n = 6–9. * p < 0.05 refers to significance compared with medium groups.