Table 5.
Prevalence of participants with an adequate, deficient, or excessive intake of nutrients according to 2/3 EFSA DRIs stratified by GWG.
|
Reduced GWG |
Adequate GWG |
Excessive GWG |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | n = 170 | n = 205 | n = 128 | |||||||
| DI a | AI b | EI c | DI a | AI b | EI c | DI a | AI b | EI c | p-Value | |
| Dietary fiber (g/day) | 6.0 | 94.1 | - | 9.3 | 90.7 | - | 9.4 | 90.6 | - | 0.413 |
| Vitamin A (µg/day) | 0 | 58.2 | 41.8 | 0.5 | 59.5 | 40.0 | 0.8 | 62.5 | 36.7 | 0.756 |
| Vitamin B9 (µg/day) | 45.3 | 50.0 | 4.7 | 58.0 | 41.0 | 1.0 | 54.7 | 40.6 | 4.7 | 0.034 |
| Vitamin B12 (µg/day) | 0 | 100.0 | - | 0.5 | 99.5 | - | 1.6 | 98.4 | - | 0.215 |
| Vitamin D (µg/day) | 82.4 | 17.7 | 0 | 89.8 | 10.2 | 0 | 80.5 | 19.5 | 0 | 0.037 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 5.9 | 94.1 | 0 | 2.9 | 97.1 | 0 | 3.1 | 96.9 | 0 | 0.293 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 0.6 | 87.1 | 12.4 | 0.5 | 88.8 | 10.7 | 0.8 | 82.8 | 16.4 | 0.651 |
| Magnesium (mg/day) | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | 0 | 0 | 100.0 | - |
| Iodine (µg/day) | 9.4 | 60.6 | 30.0 | 7.8 | 53.7 | 38.5 | 10.9 | 50.0 | 39.1 | 0.299 |
| Potassium (mg/day) | 0.6 | 99.4 | - | 0 | 100.0 | - | 1.6 | 98.4 | - | 0.197 |
| Selenium (µg/day) | 1.2 | 98.8 | 0 | 1.5 | 98.5 | 0 | 3.1 | 96.1 | 0.8 | 0.314 |
Intake (I): a deficient intake (DI), b adequate intake (AI), and c excessive intake (EI). Values are % unless otherwise indicated. Pearson chi-square test was used in order to ascertain differences between groups. There is no Upper-Level intake (UL) in the micronutrient assessed.