| ABC | ATP binding cassette |
| AHL | N-Acyl homoserine lactones |
| AI-2 | autoinducer-2 |
| AI-3 | autoinducer-3 |
| AM | arbuscular mycorrhizae |
| AMP(1) | antimicrobial peptide |
| AMP(2) | 5’-adenosine mono-phosphate |
| ATP | 5’-adenosine tri-phosphate |
| BMP | bone morphogenic protein |
| CAM | cell adhesion molecule |
| cAMP | 3’5’cyclic-AMP |
| CBP | CREB binding protein |
| CLR | C-type lectin receptor |
| CREB | cAMP-responsive element binding protein |
| CRP | cyclic-AMP receptor protein |
| DAMP | damage-associated molecular pattern |
| ECD | extracellular domain |
| eDNA | extracellular DNA |
| EM | ectomycorrhizae |
| EV | extracellular vesicle |
| FGF | fibroblast growth factor |
| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| GnRH | gonadotropin-releasing hormone |
| GPCR | G protein-coupled receptor |
| Hh | hedgehog |
| HSL | homoserine lactone |
| ICD | intracellular domain |
| IMD | immune deficiency pathway |
| JAK | janus kinase |
| LCO | lipochitooligosaccharide |
| LH | luteinizing hormone |
| LRR | leucine-rich repeat |
| LysM-LK | lysin-motif receptor-like kinase |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| MAPKK | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| MAPKKK | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| NO | nitrogen oxide |
| Nod | nodulation factor |
| PGN | peptidoglycan |
| PGRP | peptidoglycan-binding receptor protein |
| PRR | pattern recognition receptor |
| PTS | phosphotransferase system |
| QS | quorum sensing |
| RLK | receptor-like kinase |
| RLP | receptor-like protein |
| TCS | receptor-histidine-kinase two-component system |
| TNT | tunneling nanotubes |
| TLR | toll-like receptor |
| TNF | tumor-necrosis factor |
| VOC | volatile organic compound |
| Wnt | vertebrate homolog of drosophila Wingless |