| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| hPDLF | human periodontal ligament fibroblasts |
| OTM | orthodontic tooth movement |
| PDL | periodontal ligament |
| PEI | Polyethylenimine |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction |
| SEM | standard error of the mean |
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