| AGE | advanced glycation end products |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| AOPP | advanced oxidation protein products |
| CAT | catalase |
| FOXO3a | forkhead box O3a |
| FRAP | ferric reducing ability of plasma |
| G-CSF | granulocyte colony-stimulating factor |
| GM-CSF | granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor |
| GPx | glutathione peroxidase |
| GRO KC/CXCL1 | growth-regulated oncogene/keratinocyte chemoattractant/chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 |
| GSH | reduced glutathione |
| HO-1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
| IFNγ | interferon γ |
| IL | interleukin |
| IL-1ra | interleukin-1 receptor antagonist |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinases |
| Km | Michaelis–Menten constant |
| LOOH | lipid hydroperoxides |
| MAA | malondialdehyde acetaldehyde |
| MAPK | mitogen activated protein kinase |
| MCP1/CCL2 | monocyte chemoattractant protein 1/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 |
| M-CSF | macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| MDA | malondialdehyde |
| MIP-1α/CCL3 | macrophage inflammatory protein-1α/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 |
| MIP-3α/CCL20 | macrophage inflammatory protein-3α/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 |
| NADPH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
| NEFA | non-esterified fatty acids |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor κB |
| NO | nitric oxide |
| NOS | nitric oxide synthase |
| Nrf2 | nuclear factor-like 2 |
| RAGE | receptor for advanced glycation end products |
| RANTES/CCL5 | regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 |
| SOD | superoxide dismutase |
| TNFα | tumor necrosis factor α |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |