Table 1.
Characteristics of participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 31).
| Patients (n = 31) | |
|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 71.4 ± 7.5 |
| Gender, n (%) | |
| Female | 8 (25.8) |
| Male | 23 (74.2) |
| Years of formal education, n (%) | |
| None | 1 (3.2) |
| 1 to 4 | 17 (54.8) |
| 5 to 9 | 5 (16.1) |
| 10 to 12 | 4 (12.9) |
| ≥13 | 4 (12.9) |
| GOLD (1–4), n (%) | |
| 1 | 3 (9.7) |
| 2 | 13 (41.9) |
| 3 | 14 (45.2) |
| 4 | 1 (3.2) |
| GOLD (A–D), n (%) | |
| A | 5 (16.1) |
| B | 18 (58.1) |
| C | 0 (0) |
| D | 8 (25.8) |
| Charlson Comorbidity index (mean ± SD) | 4.2 ± 1.1 |
GOLD: global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease; 1–4 airflow limitation: 1—FEV1 ≥ 80, 2—FEV1 50–79, 3—FEV1 30–49, 4—FEV1 < 30; A–D (ABCD) assessment tool: assessment of symptoms and exacerbation risk: A—0–1 exacerbations without hospital admission and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) < 10, B—0–1 exacerbations without hospital admission and CAT > 10, C—> 1 exacerbation, or 1 exacerbation leading to hospital admission and CAT < 10, D— > 1 exacerbation, or 1 exacerbation leading to hospital admission and CAT > 10.