Table 1.

Sequences of primers used for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The primer sequences used to amplify the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor, protein kinase B (Akt), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1), and muscle-specific F-box protein (atrogin-1) mRNA in muscles were confirmed by RT-PCR.

Gene	Sequences
IGF receptor	F–5′ GAG AAC AAT GAG TGC TGC CA 3′
	R–5′ ACC CTT GGA GCA TCT GGG CA 3′
Akt	F–5′ TGC TGG AGG ACA ACG ACT AT 3′
	R–5′ TGT CAT CTT GAT CAG GCG GT 3′
mTOR	F–5′ TTG AGG TTG CTA TGA CCA GAG AGA A 3′
	R–5′ TTA CCA GAA AGG ACA CCA GCC AAT G 3′
MuRF1	F–5′ ACA TCT TCC AGG CTG CCA AT 3′
	R–5′ GTT CTC CAC CAG CAG GTT CC 3′
Atrogin-1	F–5′ GAC TGG ACT TCT CGA CTG CC 3′
	R–5′ GAC TTG CCG ACT CTC TGG AC 3′