| ARIC | Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities |
| ARNTL | Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator Like |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| BMS | Bariatric Metabolic Surgery |
| CLOCK | Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput |
| CpG | Cytosine Guanine island |
| CVD | Cardiovascular Disease |
| DPP | Diabetes Prevention Program |
| FTO | Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein |
| GWA | Genome Wide Association |
| HF | Heart Failure |
| IGT | Impaired Glucose Tolerance |
| IKKβ | Inhibitor of Nuclear Factor Kappa B Kinase Subunit β |
| IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| IR | Insulin Resistance |
| IRS-1 | Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 |
| IRS-2 | Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 |
| KCNJ11 | KATP Channel |
| KLF14 | Krupper-Like Factor 14 |
| MC4R | Melanocortin 4 Receptor |
| MetS | Metabolic Syndrome |
| miR | MicroRNA |
| NF-κB | Nuclear Factor kappa B |
| NLRP3 | Nod-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 |
| NOD | Non-Obese Diabetic |
| T2D | Type 2 Diabetes |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor |
| VAT | Visceral Adipose Tissue |
| WHO | World Health Organization |