CTC	circulating tumor cell
ctDNA	circulating tumor DNA
EV	extracellular vesicle
WBC	white blood cell
RBC	red blood cell
EpCAM	epithelial cell adhesion molecule
CK	cytokeratin
POCT	point-of-care testing
EMT	epithelial–mesenchymal transition
MET	mesenchymal- epithelial transition
ISET	isolation by size of epithelial tumor cell
DLD	deterministic lateral displacement
ECL	electrochemiluminescence
PEC	photoelectrochemical
EIS	electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
LSV	linear sweep voltammetry
LOD	the limit of detection
MPA	mercaptopropionic acid
NP	nanoparticle
AuNS	Au nanostar
GC	glassy carbon
DPV	differential pulse voltammetry
RCA	rolling circle amplification
HRP	horseradish peroxidase
AuNP	Au nanoparticle
AB	acetylene black
HCNT	hexagonal carbon nitride tube
GS	graphene nanosheet
CV	cyclic voltammetry
QD	quantum dot
PDMS	polydimethylsiloxane
AuNW	Au nanowire
DM	daunomycin
TS	telomerase primer
CD	carbon dot
MN	magnetic nanosphere
MB	magnetic bead
PtNP	Pt nanoparticle
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
FDG	di-β-D-pyridine galactoside
FMG	fluorescein monogalactoside
ET	electrophoresis titration
MRB	moving reaction boundary
CEACAM5	carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 5
RI	refractive index
ACNP	aptamer-conjugated nanoparticle
GO	graphene oxide
EGFR	epidermal growth factor receptor
PSMA	prostate specific membrane antigen