γH2AX	Histone H2AX phosphorylated on Ser 139
10H	Clone mouse monoclonal anti-PAR antibody (Tulip #1020)
3AB	3-Aminobenzamide (PARP inhibitor)
3i	Inhibition of DNA-PK, LigIV, and ATM
4-ANI	4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide
53BP1	p53 binding protein 1
AG14361	2-[4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl]-1,3,10-triazatricyclo[6.4.1.04,13]trideca-2,4,6,8(13)-tetraen-9-one (PARP-1i)
ATM	Ataxia telangiectasia mutated
ATMi	ATM inhibitor
ATR	Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein
ATRi	ATR inhibitor
AZ20	4{4-[(3R)3-Methylmorpholin-4-yl]-6-[1-(methylsulfonyl)cyclopropyl]pyrimidin-2-yl}-1H-indole
BER	Base excision repair
BLEO	Bleomycin
BRCA1/2	Breast cancer gene 1 or 2
CDKN2	Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2
CHK1	Checkpoint kinase 1
CHO9	Chinese hamster ovary 9 cell line
C-NHEJ	Canonic-non-homologous End Joining
DAPI	4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (fluorescent DNA marker)
DDI	DNA damage index
DDR	DNA damage response
DEA	6,9-Diamino-2-ethoxyacridine-DL-lactate monohydrate
DMSO	Dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA-PK	DNA-dependent protein kinase
DNA-PKi	DNA-PK inhibitor
DSBs	Double-strand breaks
E-64	trans-Poxysuccinyl-l-leucylamido-(4-guanidino) butane
E7016	10-((4-Hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)methyl)chromeno[4,3,2-de]phthalazin-3(2H)-one (PARPi)
EB	5′-deoxy-5′-[4-[2-[(2,3-dihydro-1oxo-1H-isoindol-4-yl)amino]-2-oxoethyl]-1-piperazinyl]-5′-oxoadenosine dihydrochloride (PARPi)
FBS	Fetal bovine serum
HeLa	Henrietta Lacks human epithelial carcinoma cell line
HEp-2	Human epithelial type 2 cells
HNSCC	Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
HR	Homologous recombination
IC50	The half-maximal inhibitory concentration
ICF	Inmunocytofluorescence
INO1001	3-Aminobenzamide (PARP inhibitor)
IR	Ionizing radiation
KU-0060648	4-Ethyl-N-[4-[2-(4-morpholinyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-8-yl]-1-dibenzothienyl]-1-piperazineacetamide (DNA-PKi)
KU55933	2-Morpholin-4-yl-6-thianthren-1-yl-pyran-4-one
KU70/80	Ku heterodimer: Ku70 (XRCC6) and Ku80 (XRCC5)
LigIII	DNA ligase 3
LigIV	DNA ligase 4
LigIVi	LigIV inhibitor
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MEM	Minimum essential medium
MMEJ	Microhomology-mediated end joining
MMS	Methylmethanosulfonate
MRE11	Complex consisting of meiotic recombination 11
Mst-1	Macrophage-stimulating 1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase)
MTT	3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
NAD+	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nam	Nicotinamide
NMuMG	Nontransformed mouse mammary gland epithelial cell line
OLA	Olaparib (Lynparza, AZD-2281; PARP-1/2 & 3 inhibitor); IUPAC name:4-[[3-[4-(cyclopropanecarbonyl)piperazine-1-carbonyl]-4-fluorophenyl]methyl]-2H-phthalazin-1-one
p38	A class of MAPK
PAR	Poly(ADP-ribose)
PARG	Poly-ADP-glicohidrolase
PARP	Poly(ADP-ribosyl) polymerase
PARPis	PARP inhibitors
PARylation	Poly(ADP-ribosylation)
PBS	Phosphate-buffered saline
PFA	Paraformaldehyde
Polβ	DNA polymerase β
Prexacertib	5-[[5-[2-(3-aminopropoxy)-6-methoxyphenyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]amino]pyrazine-2-carbonitrile (CHK1 inhibitor)
PtK2	Male rat kangaroo kidney epithelial cell
RT	Room temperature
SSBs	Single-strand breaks
TNKS	Tankyrase
UV-C	Ultraviolet C radiation
VE-821	3-amino-6-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-N-phenylpyrazine-2-carboxamide (ATRi)
VE-822	3-[3-[4-(methylaminomethyl)phenyl]-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]-5-(4-propan-2-ylsulfonylphenyl)pyrazin-2-amine (ATRi)
VERO	African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line
VRK1	Vaccinia-related kinase 1
WBWEE1	Western BlotsG2 checkpoint kinase
XRCC1	X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1