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. 2020 Nov 5;17(21):8180. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218180

Table 2.

Difference Between the Initial and the Final Period of the Lockdown in Levels of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression, as Measured with the DASS-21.

DASS-21 Subscale M (SD) Initial M (SD) Final df t p Cohen’s d 95% CI for Cohen’s d
Lower Upper
DASS-21 Depression 5.50 (4.88) 6.79 (5.40) 438 −6.505 2.120 × 10−10 −0.310 −0.406 −0.215
DASS-21 Anxiety 3.14 (3.95) 3.44 (4.14) 438 −1.752 0.080 −0.084 −0.177 0.010
DASS-21 Stress 7.69 (5.56) 9.37 (5.66) 438 −7.604 1.763 × 10−13 −0.363 −0.459 −0.266