Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population
| Age (years) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | 40–49 (n = 1775) |
50–59 (n = 4386) |
60–69 (n = 19,015) |
70–79 (n = 18,635) |
80 – (n = 8127) |
Overall (n = 51,938) |
p trend |
| Age (years) | 45 ± 3 | 57 ± 3 | 65 ± 3 | 75 ± 3 | 85 ± 4 | 70 ± 10 | < 0.01 |
| Sex (men) | 34% | 32% | 39% | 39% | 33% | 37% | 0.71 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 86 ± 15 | 79 ± 14 | 75 ± 14 | 69 ± 15 | 61 ± 17 | 72 ± 16 | < 0.01 |
| eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 2% | 6% | 12% | 25% | 49% | 22% | < 0.01 |
| eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria (≥1+) | 7% | 11% | 17% | 29% | 53% | 26% | < 0.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118 ± 17 | 127 ± 18 | 132 ± 18 | 136 ± 17 | 139 ± 18 | 134 ± 18 | < 0.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73 ± 12 | 78 ± 12 | 79 ± 11 | 77 ± 10 | 75 ± 11 | 77 ± 11 | < 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.5 ± 1.7 | 13.7 ± 1.4 | 13.7 ± 1.3 | 13.2 ± 1.4 | 12.4 ± 1.4 | 13.3 ± 1.4 | < 0.01 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.3 ± 3.7 | 22.7 ± 3.4 | 22.9 ± 3.1 | 23.2 ± 3.2 | 22.5 ± 3.4 | 22.9 ± 3.3 | 0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 201 ± 34 | 214 ± 36 | 209 ± 34 | 201 ± 33 | 195 ± 33 | 204 ± 34 | < 0.01 |
| Proteinuria (≥1+) | 5% | 5% | 6% | 7% | 11% | 7% | < 0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2% | 7% | 10% | 13% | 12% | 11% | < 0.01 |
| Current smoker | 26% | 19% | 14% | 10% | 5% | 12% | < 0.01 |
| Treatment of hypertension (%) | 7% | 22% | 36% | 51% | 60% | 43% | < 0.01 |
| History of coronary artery disease (%) | 2% | 4% | 9% | 16% | 26% | 13% | < 0.01 |
| History of stroke (%) | 1% | 3% | 5% | 9% | 13% | 7% | < 0.01 |
| Follow-up period (years) | 2.8 (1.1, 4.0) | 3.2 (1.8, 4.9) | 4.0 (2.1, 4.9) | 4.2 (2.8, 5.0) | 3.3 (2.0, 4.9) | 4.0 (2.1, 4.9) | < 0.01 |
| Number of creatinine measurements (n) | 3 (2, 4) | 3 (2, 5) | 4 (3, 6) | 5 (3, 6) | 4 (2, 5) | 4 (3, 6) | < 0.01 |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, or median (25th and 75th percentiles). Categorical variables are expressed as numbers (percentage)
Abbreviation: eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate