Table 2.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics and prestroke leisure activities of the patients.
| VMG N = 27 | IMG N = 23 | ABG N = 33 | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 54.9 (13.4) | 56.7 (10.3) | 59.8 (11.6) | 0.267 (F) |
| Gender (male/female) | 15/12 | 15/8 | 16/17 | 0.464 (χ2) |
| Education (years) | 12.8 (4.5) | 13.5 (3.8) | 12.1 (3.5) | 0.405 (F) |
| Prestroke leisure activities a | ||||
| Music listening | 4.2 (1.2) | 4.7 (0.9) | 3.6 (1.5) | 0.003 (H) |
| Radio listening | 3.3 (1.9) | 3.4 (1.4) | 3.8 (1.4) | 0.545 (H) |
| Reading | 3.9 (1.7) | 4.3 (1.5) | 4.6 (0.8) | 0.138 (H) |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Time from stroke to T0 (days) | 6.1 (2.6) | 7.2 (5.0) | 7.3 (4.1) | 0.502 (F) |
| Lesion laterality (left/right) | 15/12 | 10/13 | 16/17 | 0.690 (χ2) |
| Lesion size (cm3) | 46.8 (50.8) | 51.4 (50.9) | 45.1 (45.5) | 0.893 (F) |
| Aphasia (yes/no) b | 10/17 | 5/18 | 14/19 | 0.269 (χ2) |
| Aphasia severity b | 3.1 (1.3) | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.2 (1.1) | 0.593 (H) |
| Amusia (yes/no) c | 19/7 | 8/15 | 23/10 | 0.010 (χ2) |
Data are mean (SD) unless otherwise stated. Significant group differences are shown in bold. Abbreviations: ABG, Audiobook group; F, one‐way ANOVA; H, Kruskal–Wallis test; IMG, Instrumental music group; T0, baseline (acute); VMG, Vocal music group, χ2, chi‐squared test.
a
Likert scale 0–5 (0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = once a month, 3 = once a week, 4 = two to three times a week, and 5 = daily).
b
Classification based on BDAE/ASRS: scores 0–4 = aphasia, score 5 = no aphasia. For aphasic patients, the mean score is shown.
c
Classification based on the MBEA Scale and Rhythm subtest average score (<75% cut‐off).