. 2020 Sep 9;75(10):2207–2218. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa159

Table 3.

Association Between Location of Caregiving and Psychological Well-Being

	Model 1						Model 2						Model 3
	Depression			Life satisfaction			Depression			Life satisfaction			Depression			Life satisfaction
	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p	b	SE	p
Focal predictors
In-home	0.446	0.085	***	−0.906	0.119	***	0.525	0.084	***	−1.176	0.114	***	0.254	0.107	*	−0.928	0.154	***
Other residence	0.075	0.053		0.165	0.072	*	−0.097	0.060		0.240	0.079	**	−0.076	0.079		0.148	0.106
Institution	0.233	0.108	*	0.085	0.152		0.238	0.108	*	−0.113	0.146		0.146	0.151		−0.126	0.213
Women							0.483	0.047	***	0.533	0.063	***	0.423	0.062	***	0.539	0.082	***
In-home × Women													0.548	0.164	**	−0.502	0.222	*
Other residence × Women													−0.020	0.102		0.154	0.134
Institution × Women													0.184	0.210		0.018	0.286
Control variables
Age							−0.050	0.004	***	0.056	0.005	***	−0.050	0.004	***	0.056	0.005	***
Divorced							0.710	0.087	***	−2.784	0.120	***	0.712	0.087	***	−2.786	0.120	***
Widowed							0.697	0.092	***	−1.245	0.121	***	0.705	0.093	***	−1.250	0.121	***
Never married							0.624	0.106	***	−2.099	0.145	***	0.622	0.106	***	−2.095	0.146	***
Number of people in household							−0.051	0.027		0.004	0.036		−0.052	0.027		0.005	0.036
Number of children							−0.095	0.020	***	0.222	0.026	***	−0.095	0.020	***	0.222	0.026	***
Number of siblings							−0.048	0.011	***	0.086	0.014	***	−0.048	0.011	***	0.086	0.014	***
Rural							−0.305	0.067	***	0.703	0.087	***	−0.307	0.067	***	0.706	0.087	***
Urban/rural mixed							−0.218	0.107	*	0.344	0.145	*	−0.218	0.107	*	0.344	0.145	*
High school							−0.556	0.114	***	−0.024	0.146		−0.554	0.114	***	−0.026	0.146
Trades							−0.424	0.123	**	−0.021	0.156		−0.425	0.123	**	−0.022	0.156
Non-university							−0.661	0.114	***	0.082	0.145		−0.662	0.114	***	0.081	0.145
Bachelor’s degree							−1.067	0.114	***	0.552	0.145	***	−1.066	0.114	***	0.551	0.145	***
Above bachelor’s							−1.108	0.117	***	0.568	0.150	***	−1.107	0.117	***	0.564	0.150	***
$20,000 to $49,999							−1.584	0.142	***	2.450	0.184	***	−1.587	0.142	***	2.451	0.184	***
$50,000 to $99,999							−2.374	0.145	***	3.820	0.187	***	−2.376	0.145	***	3.821	0.187	***
$100,000 to $149,999							−2.803	0.154	***	4.850	0.200	***	−2.804	0.154	***	4.851	0.200	***
$150,000 and more							−3.202	0.159	***	6.038	0.206	***	−3.205	0.159	***	6.041	0.206	***
Income nonresponse							−1.774	0.170	***	3.278	0.219	***	−1.774	0.170	***	3.277	0.219	***
Full retirement							0.383	0.072	***	0.477	0.095	***	0.380	0.073	***	0.480	0.095	***
Partial retirement							0.020	0.082		0.550	0.106	***	0.018	0.082		0.551	0.106	***
Unemployed							1.994	0.141	***	−2.910	0.181	***	1.992	0.141	***	−2.907	0.181	***
Comprehensive survey							−0.008	0.048		−0.569	0.064	***	−0.009	0.048		−0.568	0.064	***
Multiple care recipients							0.185	0.071	**	−0.111	0.094		0.178	0.071	*	−0.103	0.094
Intercept	5.197	0.031	***	28.103	0.042	***	11.131	0.304	***	20.250	0.399	***	11.158	0.305	***	20.250	0.400	***
R²	0.0008			0.0022			0.0745			0.1322			0.0748			0.1324

Note: Metric coefficients are presented and estimates are based on survey estimates that apply sampling weights and take sampling strata into account. N = 48,648.

*p ≤ .05, **p ≤ .01, ***p ≤ .001 (two-tailed tests).