Table 1.
Age-Adjusted Covariates by Quartiles of Social Integration in 1992 (N = 72,322)
| Highly socially isolated (n = 13,481) | Moderately isolated (n = 17,061) | Moderately integrated (n = 22,881) | Highly socially integrated (n = 18,899) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agea | 58.48 (7.12) | 58.63 (7.21) | 58.69 (7.10) | 59.32 (7.09) |
| Registered nurse education level, % | 69 | 69 | 72 | 69 |
| Husband’s education | ||||
| -Less or equal to high school degree, % | 31 | 36 | 38 | 35 |
| -More than high school degree, % | 38 | 49 | 51 | 56 |
| -Missing, % | 32 | 17 | 11 | 9 |
| Clinical depressive symptoms, % | 23 | 17 | 15 | 9 |
| High cholesterol, % | 45 | 45 | 47 | 46 |
| High blood pressure, % | 36 | 35 | 34 | 32 |
| Diabetes, % | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 |
| Cardiovascular disease, % | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
| Cancer, % | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| -Never smoker, % | 33 | 39 | 46 | 54 |
| -Former smoker, % | 44 | 44 | 42 | 39 |
| -Current smoker, % | 24 | 17 | 12 | 8 |
| ≥150 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity/week, % | 50 | 55 | 55 | 62 |
| Low-to-moderate alcohol consumption, % | 88 | 89 | 91 | 92 |
| Body mass index | 26.01 (5.70) | 26.01 (5.32) | 25.92 (5.13) | 25.93 (5.08) |
| Alternative Healthy Eating Index scoreb | 48.26 (10.28) | 48.54 (9.91) | 48.27 (9.83) | 49.08 (9.55) |
Note: Values are means (SD) or percentages and are standardized to the age distribution of the study population. Values of polytomous variables may not sum to 100% due to rounding.
aValue is not age adjusted.
bHigher score indicates healthier diet.