Table 2.

Percent Change in Life Span Associated With Social Integration From 1992 to 2014 (N = 72,322)

	Social integration score quartiles
	Highly socially isolated		Moderately isolated		Moderately integrated		Highly socially integrated
	%	95% CI	%	95% CI	%	95% CI	%	95% CI
Model 1: demographics	0.00	Referent	5.52	4.28–6.78	7.87	6.65–9.10	11.04	9.71–12.38
Model 2: demographics and health conditions	0.00	Referent	4.97	3.75–6.22	7.06	5.87–8.27	10.10	8.80–11.42
Model 3: demographics and health behaviorsa	0.00	Referent	2.70	1.53–3.87	3.74	2.60–4.89	4.88	3.66–6.11
Model 4: all variablesa	0.00	Referent	2.37	1.22–3.54	3.22	2.10–4.36	4.33	3.13–5.56

Note: Model 1: age, education, and husband’s education. Model 2: age, education, husband’s education, as well as prevalent/history of high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Model 3: age, education, husband’s education, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol, body mass index, and the Alternative Health Eating Index (AHEI) diet index. Model 4: age, education, husband’s education, as well as prevalent/history of high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, stroke, and myocardial infarction, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol, body mass index, and the AHEI. CI = confidence interval.

^aSample size for these models was 66,684 because of missing data for health behaviors.