Table 3.
Characteristics of vascular disease, presentation, treatment and general mortality of all patients referred to the Vascular Surgery Hubs in the Lombardy region, Italy, from 9 March to 28 April 2020 confirmed to be affected or non-affected by COVID on admission or during hospitalisation
| Variable | All patients (n = 305) | COVID (n = 64) | Non-COVID (n = 241) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vascular disease | ||||
| Acute limb ischaemia | 97 (31.8) | 41 (64.1) | 56 (23.2) | <.001 |
| Chronic limb ischaemia | 71 (23.3) | 12 (18.7) | 59 (24.5) | .41 |
| Limb necrosis/gangrene | 29 (9.5) | 3 (4.7) | 26 (10.8) | .16 |
| Aortic disease | 45 (14.7) | 1 (1.6) | 44 (18.3) | <.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 36 (11.8) | 2 (3.1) | 34 (14.1) | .015 |
| Other | 27 (8.9) | 5 (7.8) | 22 (9.1) | 1.0 |
| Patient presentation | ||||
| Coming from home | 143 (46.9) | 19 (29.7) | 124 (51.4) | .002 |
| Referred by another department | 28 (9.2) | 20 (31.2) | 8 (3.3) | <.001 |
| Referred by another hospital (Spoke) | 88 (28.8) | 19 (29.7) | 69 (28.6) | .88 |
| Referred by another hospital (non-Spoke) | 46 (15.1) | 6 (9.4) | 40 (16.6) | .17 |
| Time from symptoms to treatment – h∗ | 50.8 ± 77.1 | 79.2 ± 103.7 | 28.2 ± 33.7 | <.001 |
| Pre-operative haemoglobin – g/dL∗ | 12.4 ± 2.3 | 12.5 ± 2.1 | 12.4 ± 2.3 | .75 |
| Pre-operative platelet count – ×109∗ | 241.6 ± 106.0 | 243.7 ± 88.6 | 240.9 ± 110.8 | .85 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Open surgery | 158 (51.8) | 36 (56.2) | 122 (50.6) | .48 |
| Endovascular surgery | 70 (22.9) | 6 (9.4) | 64 (26.6) | .003 |
| Hybrid surgery | 39 (12.8) | 10 (15.6) | 29 (12.0) | .53 |
| Primary major limb amputation | 17 (5.6) | 3 (4.7) | 14 (5.8) | 1.0 |
| Medical therapy | 21 (6.9) | 9 (14.1) | 12 (5.0) | .022 |
| Global in hospital mortality | 31 (10.2) | 16 (25.0) | 15 (6.2) | <.001 |
| In patients undergoing surgery | 23 (8.1) | 11 (20.0) | 12 (5.2) | .001 |
| In patients treated medically | 8 (38.1) | 5 (55.5) | 3 (25.0) | .20 |
Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± standard deviation.
∗
Parametric test (Student t-test) was used for comparison.