Time-course of temperature-controlled repeated thermal stimulation (TRTS)-induced neuritogenesis in the PC12 subclones. PC12-P1F1 and PC12-P1D10 cells were exposed to TRTS for an 18 h period each day for 10 days, and the extent of neuritogenesis was evaluated. Phase-contrast images of parental PC12-P1F1 cells on day 0 prior to TRTS (A) and on days 7 (B) and 10 (C) after TRTS. Phase-contrast images of PC12-P1D10 cells on day 0 prior to TRTS (D), and on days 7 (E) and 10 (F) after TRTS. Scale bars, 50 μm. Similar results were obtained in three independent experiments. (G) PC12-P1F1 and PC12-P1D10 cells were exposed to TRTS for 18 h/day for 10 days, and the percentages of neurite-bearing cells on days 0, 3, 7, and 10 were determined. The data represent the means ± standard deviation of three replicates. n.s., not significant. ** p < 0.01.