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DMF decreases IL-1β-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in nucleus pulposus cells. Immunofluorescence staining results of (A) CHOP and (B) GRP-78 (magnification, 400x. (C) Western blot and reverse transcription quantitative-PCR results of (D) CHOP, (E) GRP-78 and (F) caspase-12. *P<0.05 vs. the control group, #P<0.05 vs. the IL-1β group. DMF, dimethyl fumarate; CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein; GRP-78, endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP.
