Table III.
Characteristics of studies assessing impact of VAP on outcomes of COPD.
| Sample size | Mean age (years) | Co-morbidities | SAPS II score | Past use of steroids | Prior use of antibiotics | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author (year) | Study type | No-VAP | VAP | No-VAP | VAP | VAP | No VAP | VAP | No VAP | VAP | No VAP | VAP | No VAP | VAP due to MDR bacteria | (Refs.) |
| Nseir (2005) | P | 77 | 77 | 70±9 | 70±8 | Cardiac failure: 16 Renal failure: 8 Neurological disease: 3 Diabetes: 10 | Cardiac failure: 11 Renal failure: 6 Neurological disease: 2 Diabetes: 14 | 37±14 | 39±13 | 34 | 28 | 53 | 33a | 32 | (11) |
| Hadda (2014) | R | 35 | 118 | 61.1±10.7 | 61.1±12 | Present: 16 | Present: 55 | 48.9±12 | 45.9±14.5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | (14) |
| Badawy (2015) | P | 92 | 60 | 56.1±15 | 59±9.5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 34 | (13) |
| Koulenti (2015) | P | 79 | 318 | 68.6±11 | 69.4±11.1 | Liver cirrhosis: 4 Cardiac disease: 33 Renal insufficiency: 20 Diabetes: 18 | Liver cirrhosis: 15 Cardiac disease: 125 Renal insufficiency: 53 Diabetes: 60 | 45 (34-57) | 46 (35-59) | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | (12) |
aP<0.05 vs. VAP as shown in the respective studies. ICU, intensive care unit; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia; NR, not reported; MDR, multi-drug resistant; P, prospective; R, retrospective; SAPS, simplified acute physiology score.