| Hp | Helicobacter pylori |
| NMR | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
| Hpcf | Hp cell filtrate |
| BCAA | Branched chain amino acids |
| mTORC1 | mammalian Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 |
| TLRs | Tool like receptors |
| NF-AT | nuclear translocation of the T transcription factor |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
| OB | Obesity |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| CMD | Cardiometabolic disease |
| PCA | Principal Component Analysis |
| OPLS- | Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis |
| AAA | Aromatic amino acids |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| LAT1 | Large neutral amino acid transporter |
| BCAT | Branched chain amino acid transaminase |
| KLF15 | Kruppel-like factor 15 |
| FBS | Fetal Bovine Serum |
| BHI | Brain Heart Infusion medium |
| PBS | Phosphate-Buffered Saline |