Table 3.
Recently reported downregulated miRNAs acting as tumor suppressors in HCC.
| miRNA | Targets | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| miR-15b | B cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) | Proliferation, apoptosis | [35] |
| miR-26 | unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) | Autophagy | [134] |
| miR-29a | Claudin 1 (CLDN1) | Cell growth, migration | [135] |
| miR-31-5p | Sp1 transcription factor (SP1) | Proliferation, migration, invasion | [136] |
| miR-33b | Spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4) | Proliferation, metastasis | [137] |
| miR-98 | Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) | Proliferation | [138] |
| miR-122 | A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 10 (ADAM10), ADAM17, insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), Serum response factor (SRF), Cyclin G1, Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAl1), SNAl2 | Proliferation, invasion, EMT | [41,139] |
| miR-125a-5p | Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ERBB3) | Proliferation, apoptosis | [140,141] |
| miR-125b | Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1), BCLw, IL-6R, SIRT7 | Apoptosis, proliferation | [35,141] |
| miR-126 | Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) | Angiogenesis | [142] |
| miR-137 | EZH2 | Proliferation | [143] |
| miR-142 | Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), Thrombospondin 4 (THBS4) |
Cell growth, metastasis, migration, invasion |
[144,145] |
| miR-142-3p | Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) | Proliferation | [146] |
| miR-144 | Zinc finger protein X-linked (ZFX) | Proliferation, invasion, migration | [147] |
| miR-187-3p | S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) | Metastasis, EMT | [148] |
| miR-194 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) | Proliferation | [149] |
| miR-195 | Cyclin D1/3, cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6), Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42), Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (VAV2), E2F2, BCL2, BCLw, VEGF | Proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis | [150,151] |
| miR-199a-3p | VEGFA, VEGFR1-2, Matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), Yes 1 associated transcriptional regulator 1 (YAP1) |
Angiogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis | [152,153] |
| miR-199b-5p | TGFβ | EMT | [154] |
| miR-200a | GRB2 associated binding protein 1 (GAB1) | Invasion, migration | [155] |
| miR-203 | IL1β, SNAl1, Twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 (TWIST1) |
Proliferation, metasis | [156] |
| miR-206 | Cyclin D1, CDK6 | Proliferation | [157] |
| miR-212 | FOXM1 | Migration, cell growth | [158] |
| miR-296 | Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) | proliferation, apoptosis | [159] |
| miR-302b | Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), AKT serine/threonine kinase 2 (AKT2) | proliferation, invasion, metastasis | [160,161] |
| miR-337 | HMGA3 | Proliferation, apoptosis | [162] |
| miR-338-3p | Metastasis associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1), β-catenin, VEGF |
Angiogenesis | [163] |
| miR-340 | Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) | Proliferation, invasion | [164] |
| miR-345 | Interferon regulatory factor 1 (INF1) | Metastasis, EMT | [165] |
| miR-370 | Pim-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (PIM1) | Cell growth, invasion | [166] |
| miR-451 | IL6R | Angiogenesis | [167] |
| miR-497 | RPTOR independent companion of MTOR (RICTOR) | proliferation, migration and invasion | [168] |
| miR-495 | IGF1R | Proliferation, invasion | [169] |
| miR-539 | Fascin actin-bundling protein 1 (FSCN1) | Migration, invasion | [170] |
| miR-638 | SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), VEGF | Invasion, EMT, angiogenesis | [171,172] |
| miR-663a | HMGA2 | Proliferation, invasion | [173] |
| miR-874 | δ opioid receptor (DOR) | Proliferation, metastasis | [174] |
| miR-940 | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) | Migration, invasion | [175] |
| miR-1271-5p | FOXK2 | Cell growth | [176] |
| miR-1299 | CDK6 | Proliferation | [177] |
| miR-1301 | BCL9, β-catenin, VEGFA | Migration, invasion, angiogenesis | [178] |