| AGO | Argonaute protein |
| DCL | Dicer-like protein |
| SE | Serrate |
| HUA | HUA Enhancer |
| RDRs | RNA-dependent RNA polymerases |
| HYL1 | Hyponastic leaves 1 |
| ncRNA | Non-coding RNA |
| hcsiRNAs | Heterochromatic siRNAs |
| miRNA | MicroRNA |
| sRNA | Small RNAs |
| lncRNA | Long non-coding RNA |
| sncRNA | Small non-coding RNA |
| siRNA | Short interfering RNA |
| tasiRNA | Trans-acting RNA |
| RISC | RNA-induced silencing complex |
| SGS | Suppressor of gene silencing |
| NGS | Next-generation sequencing |
| TGS | Transcriptional gene silencing |
| PTGS | Post-transcriptional gene silencing |
| RdDM | RNA-directed DNA methylation |
| ORF | Open reading frame |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol |
| UTR | Untranslated region |
| FLC | Flowering Locus C |