TABLE 2.

Assignment of management pathways determined by chart review. See text for interpretation of these results.

Subpathways: With SUD, HMC + UWMC	%	N	Subpathways: No SUD, HMC + UWMC	%	N
1: Medical therapy	41.7	30	1: Medical therapy	23.4	25
2: Cardiac surgery direct	15.3	11	2: Cardiac surgery direct	43.0	46
2 CIED: Device explant	1.4	1	2 CIED: Device explant	15.0	16
3: Surgery delayed by comorbidities	26.4	19	3: Surgery delayed by comorbidities	13.1	14
4: Surgery prohibitive or declined by patient	15.3	11	4: Surgery prohibitive or declined by patient	9.3	10