Table 4.

Association of good restfulness from sleep with the incidence of cardiovascular disease in each subgroup.

	Hazard ratio	95% CI	P value	P for interaction
Myocardial infarction
≥ 50 years	0.99	0.90–1.09	0.855	0.016
< 50 years	0.86	0.77–0.97	0.010
Angina pectoris
≥ 50 years	0.91	0.87–0.94	< 0.001	0.001
< 50 years	0.85	0.81–0.88	< 0.001
Stroke
≥ 50 Years	0.97	0.92–1.02	0.190	0.002
< 50 years	0.85	0.80–0.91	< 0.001
Heart failure
≥ 50 years	0.91	0.87–0.94	< 0.001	0.045
< 50 years	0.87	0.84–0.91	< 0.001
Atrial fibrillation
≥ 50 years	1.05	0.98–1.12	0.146	< 0.001
< 50 years	0.91	0.84–0.99	0.032
Myocardial infarction
Men	0.90	0.83–0.98	0.013	0.070
Women	0.80	0.66–0.96	0.017
Angina pectoris
Men	0.87	0.84–0.90	< 0.001	< 0.001
Women	0.81	0.78–0.85	< 0.001
Stroke
Men	0.88	0.84–0.93	< 0.001	< 0.001
Women	0.83	0.77–0.88	< 0.001
Heart failure
Men	0.88	0.85–0.91	< 0.001	< 0.001
Women	0.81	0.77–0.85	< 0.001
Atrial fibrillation
Men	0.94	0.89–1.00	0.047	< 0.001
Women	0.86	0.76–0.97	0.014
Myocardial infarction
Obese	0.89	0.79–1.00	0.043	0.342
Non-obese	0.88	0.80–0.98	0.013
Angina pectoris
Obese	0.85	0.81–0.89	< 0.001	0.370
Non-obese	0.85	0.82–0.88	< 0.001
Stroke
Obese	0.91	0.85–0.98	0.012	0.201
Non-obese	0.84	0.81–0.88	< 0.001
Heart failure
Obese	0.86	0.82–0.90	< 0.001	0.122
Non-obese	0.85	0.83–0.88	< 0.001
Atrial fibrillation
Obese	0.98	0.90–1.08	0.726	0.275
Non-obese	0.90	0.85–0.96	0.001

Adjusted with sex, obesity, high waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking in the subgroup analyses stratified by age.

Adjusted with age, obesity, high waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking in the subgroup analyses stratified by sex.

Adjusted with age, sex, high waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking in the subgroup analyses stratified by the presence of obesity.

CI confidence interval.

The association between restfulness from sleep and the incidence of cardiovascular disease which was seen in the overall population, was observed in each subgroup except for the association of restfulness from sleep with the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, and atrial fibrillation among individuals with older age, and the association of restfulness from sleep with the incidence of atrial fibrillation among those with obesity. The association of restfulness from sleep with CVD events was significantly modified by age and sex, whereas not by the presence of obesity.