Table 2.

Construct reliability, composite reliability, and AVE values.

Constructs	Items	M	SD	Outer loading	Cronbach alpha	CR	AVE	VIF
Status-seeking	SS1	4.62	1.79	0.86	0.96	0.94	0.78	1.470
	SS2	4.93	1.69	0.92
	SS3	4.97	1.73	0.76
	SS4	5.36	1.53	0.82
	SS5	4.83	1.77	0.84
Information-seeking	IS1	3.62	1.70	0.78	0.94	0.94	0.86	1.370
	ISK2	3.67	1.64	0.82
	ISK3	3.32	1.63	0.90
Social tie strength	STS1	3.29	1.63	0.92	0.91	0.81	0.81	2.324
	STS2	3.04	1.72	0.89
	STS3	2.72	1.48	0.78
Perceived herd	PH1	2.55	1.40	0.88	0.82	0.91	0.89	1.872
	PH2	4.45	1.79	0.87
	PH3	4.65	1.72	0.82
	PH4	4.83	1.69	0.90
Parasocial interaction	PSI	4.93	1.71	0.92	0.91	0.89	0.84	1.980
	PS2	5.46	1.50	0.82
	PS3	4.81	1.75	0.82
	PS4	4.11	1.75	0.81
Individual SNS dependency	ISD1	3.91	1.75	0.84	0.89	0.85	0.86	2.381
	ISD2	3.22	1.60	0.89
	ISD3	3.66	1.73	0.88
Fake news sharing on COVID-19	FNS1	3.58	1.86	0.82	0.84	0.89	0.83	—
	FNS2	4.42	1.89	0.86
	FNS3	3.32	1.84	0.84
	FNS4	4.65	1.72	0.74
	FNS5	4.83	1.69	0.75
Fake news knowledge	FNK1	4.93	1.71	0.79	0.91	0.81	0.88	2.421
	FNK2	5.46	1.50	0.77
	FNK3	4.81	1.75	0.91
	FNK4	4.13	1.72	0.89
	FNK5	3.91	1.75	0.82