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. 2021 Feb 26;186(3-4):e442–e450. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usaa364

TABLE II.

Advantages/Disadvantages of Having an Independent Military Healthcare System, International Perspectives

Pros Advantages of having a separate military healthcare system
Nonmedical
  • Dedicated to the military-related mission and military staff

  • Enables protection of operations and civilian personnel during armed conflicts and when needed

  • Enables quick resource distribution when required because of existing procedures and hierarchy

  • Allows incorporation of nonmedical staff into the military system

  • Better administration and organized leadership necessary for the military missions

  • Enables the recruitment of medical staff with the necessary psychological and physiological mindset

  • Better focus on security and safety issues

  • Humanitarian Assistance in Disaster Relief

  • Less detailed management from superiors within the military, clear task/orders, and hierarchy

  • No “escapes” service when it slams, i.e., there are no alternatives when a crisis strikes

Medical
  • Military medicine-related knowledge, experience, practice, and routines (e.g., trauma and mental care)

  • A smaller medical group with more focused and standardized equipment, supplies, and budget

  • Offers educational opportunities besides the ordinary system

  • Faster and accessible care for the members does not influence civilian healthcare queues

  • Available for service staff abroad (no need to be engaged with the local healthcare system)

  • Possible primary healthcare and checkups with associated care needs such as physiotherapy

  • More comfortable with organizing military-related research and development projects

Cons Disadvantages with a separate military healthcare system
Nonmedical
  • High costs of material and for transferring knowledge

  • Difficult to recruit personnel to work in high-risk zones, and to move and work in different areas

  • Lack of long-term career development. Only a few remain in the military healthcare

  • Ill-prepared for civilian life

  • Lack of compatibility of the missions with that of civilians

  • Conflict of interests, in leadership, and management, and delay in activation

  • Defense healthcare is subject to military command and control and employees must faithfully follow up during crises

  • Civilians’ fears of military presence

  • Lack of compatibility in materials and methods creates misunderstanding in interagency collaboration

  • A separate Military Healthcare System is less available for collaboration with other organizations

Medical
  • Lack of practice and fading skills and specialization in some fields

  • Does not cover all areas of needs within the military healthcare