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. 2020 Nov 2;8(1):ofaa536. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa536

Table 1.

The Number of Clinical Consultations and STI Diagnoses, Stratified by Lockdown Periods and Population

7 Weeks Prelockdown 7 Weeks During Lockdown IRR (95% CI), Comparing During Lockdown With Prelockdown P Value 7 Weeks Postlockdown IRR (95% CI), Comparing Postlockdown With During Lockdown P Value
Type of consultations
Total consultations (adjusted)a
 All 7818 4652 0.60 (0.57–0.62) <.001 5347 1.15 (1.11–1.20) <.001
 Males 5233 3489 0.67 (0.64–0.70) <.001 3925 1.12 (1.07–1.18) <.001
 Females 2509 1101 0.44 (0.41–0.47) <.001 1350 1.23 (1.13–1.33) <.001
 Others 76 63 0.83 (0.59–1.16) .271 72 1.14 (0.81–1.60) .439
Asymptomatic screenb
 All 2425 788 0.32 (0.30–0.35) <.001 1254 1.59 (1.46–1.74) <.001
 Males 1482 579 0.39 (0.35–0.43) <.001 875 1.51 (1.36–1.68) <.001
  Men who have sex with men 943 399 0.42 (0.38–0.48) <.001 584 1.46 (1.29–1.66) <.001
  Men who have sex with women only 539 180 0.33 (0.28–0.40) <.001 291 1.62 (1.34–1.95) <.001
 Females 914 200 0.22 (0.19–0.25) <.001 356 1.78 (1.50–2.12) <.001
 Others 29 9 0.31 (0.15–0.66) .002 23 2.56 (1.18–5.52) .017
Symptomatic/urgent casesc
 All 2527 1502 0.59 (0.56–0.63) <.001 1880 1.25 (1.17–1.34) <.001
 Males 1648 1022 0.62 (0.57–0.67) <.001 1291 1.26 (1.16–1.37) <.001
 Females 858 466 0.54 (0.49–0.61) <.001 575 1.23 (1.09–1.39) <.001
 Others 21 14 0.67 (0.34–1.31) .240 14 1.00 (0.48–2.10) 1.000
Attending for a sex work certificated
 All 94 9 0.10 (0.05–0.19) <.001 11 1.22 (0.51–2.95) .655
 Males 1 1 1.00 (0.06–15.99) 1.000 1 1.00 (0.06–15.99) 1.000
 Females 93 8 0.09 (0.04–0.18) <.001 9 1.13 (0.43–2.92) .808
 Others 0 0 - - 1 - -
Contact of infectionse
 All 527 344 0.65 (0.57–0.75) <.001 468 1.36 (1.18–1.56) <.001
 Males 427 299 0.70 (0.60–0.81) <.001 380 1.27 (1.09–1.48) .002
 Females 96 43 0.45 (0.31–0.64) <.001 83 1.93 (1.34–2.79) <.001
 Others 4 2 0.50 (0.09–2.73) .423 5 2.50 (0.49–12.89) .273
STI diagnoses
Balanitis
 All 116 64 0.55 (0.41–0.75) <.001 82 1.28 (0.92–1.78) .137
 Males 116 64 0.55 (0.41–0.75) <.001 81 1.27 (0.91–1.76) .159
 Females N/A N/A - - N/A - -
 Others 0 0 - - 1 - -
Bacterial vaginosis
 All 237 129 0.54 (0.44–0.67) <.001 160 1.24 (0.98–1.56) .069
 Males N/A N/A - - N/A - -
 Females 237 128 0.54 (0.44–0.67) <.001 159 1.24 (0.98–1.57) .068
 Others 0 1 - - 1 1.00 (0.06–15.99) 1.000
Candidiasis
 All 211 129 0.61 (0.49–0.76) <.001 129 1.00 (0.78–1.28) 1.000
 Males 3 2 0.67 (0.11–3.99) .657 0 - -
 Females 206 127 0.62 (0.49–0.77) <.011 129 1.02 (0.80–1.30) .901
 Others 2 0 - - 0 - -
Herpes
 All 127 61 0.48 (0.35–0.65) <.001 72 1.18 (0.84–1.66) .341
 Males 82 37 0.45 (0.31–0.67) <.001 44 1.19 (0.77–1.84) .437
 Females 44 22 0.50 (0.30–0.83) .008 27 1.23 (0.70–2.15) .476
 Others 1 2 2.00 (0.18–22.06) .571 1 0.50 (0.05–5.51) .571
Herpes (initial episode)
 All 83 34 0.41 (0.27–0.61) <.001 42 1.24 (0.79–1.94) .360
 Males 56 19 0.34 (0.20–0.57) <.001 24 1.26 (0.69–2.31) .447
 Females 26 15 0.58 (0.31–1.09) .090 18 1.20 (0.60–2.38) .602
 Others 1 0 - - 0 - -
Herpes (recurrent infection)
 All 27 19 0.70 (0.39–1.27) .241 18 0.95 (0.50–1.81) .869
 Males 16 13 0.81 (0.39–1.69) .578 12 0.92 (0.42–2.02) .842
 Females 11 4 0.36 (0.12–1.14) .083 5 1.25 (0.34–4.65) .739
 Others 0 2 - - 1 0.50 (0.05–5.51) .571
Infectious syphilis (primary or secondary)
 All 37 42 1.14 (0.73–1.77) .574 27 0.64 (0.40–1.04) .073
 Males 34 38 1.12 (0.70–1.78) .638 27 0.71 (0.43–1.16) .175
 Females 2 3 1.50 (0.25–8.98) .657 0 - -
 Others 1 1 - - 0 - -
Infectious syphilis (primary)
 All 28 24 0.86 (0.50–1.48) .579 16 0.67 (0.35–1.25) .209
 Males 27 22 0.81 (0.46–1.43) .476 16 0.73 (0.38–1.38) .332
 Females 1 1 1.00 (0.06–15.99) 1.000 0 - -
 Others 0 1 - - 0 - -
Infectious syphilis (secondary)
 All 9 18 2.00 (0.90–4.45) .090 11 0.61 (0.29–1.29) .198
 Males 7 16 2.29 (0.94–5.56) .068 11 0.69 (0.32–1.48) .339
 Females 1 2 2.00 (0.18–22.06) .571 0 - -
 Others 1 0 - - 0 - -
Nongonococcal urethritis
 All 349 211 0.60 (0.51–0.72) <.001 245 1.16 (0.97–1.40) .112
 Males 348 208 0.60 (0.50–0.71) <.001 243 1.17 (0.97–1.41) .100
 Females 0 1 - - 2 2.00 (0.18–22.06) .571
 Others 1 2 2.00 (0.18–22.06) .571 0 - -
Pelvic inflammatory disease
 All 41 39 0.95 (0.61–1.47) .823 30 0.77 (0.48–1.24) .280
 Males N/A N/A - - N/A - -
 Females 41 38 0.93 (0.60–1.44) .736 30 0.79 (0.49–1.27) .333
 Others 0 1 - - 0 - -
Urethral gonorrhea
 All 95 52 0.55 (0.39–0.77) <.001 56 1.08 (0.74–1.57) .700
 Males 90 51 0.57 (0.40–0.80) .001 54 1.06 (1.06–0.72) .770
 Females 4 1 0.25 (0.03–2.24) .215 1 1.00 (0.06–15.99) 1.000
 Others 1 0 - - 1 - -

Abbreviations: IRR, incidence rate ratio; STI, sexually transmitted infection.

aThe total number of consultations was adjusted by multiplying the weekly number by 5/n, where n is the number of working days, to minimize the bias of public holiday effects.

bAsymptomatic screen was defined as individuals who did not have any symptoms and attended the clinic for HIV/STI screening.

cSymptomatic/urgent case was defined as individuals presented with symptoms related to STI (eg, genital discharge, genital ulcer, and pelvic pain) and/or those requiring urgent attention (eg, accessing postexposure prophylaxis).

dA “sex work certificate” was defined as individuals working in the sex work industry requiring an in-date certificate as evidence of 3-monthly HIV/STI screening (a legal requirement for anyone doing sex work in Victoria).

eContact of infection was defined as individuals reporting contact with sex partners with an STI (including gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and Mycoplasma genitalium).