Table 3. Identification of Factors Associated With Fungal Infections (N = 457).
| Variable | Infection frequency (%)/mean ± SD | OR (95% CI) | C-statistics | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIRS criteria, Y/N (n = 455) | 12 (6.35)/13 (4.89) | 1.32 (0.59, 2.96) | 0.53 | 0.50 |
| Sex, male/female | 13 (4.42)/12 (7.36) | 0.58 (0.26, 1.31) | 0.57 | 0.19 |
| DM, Y/N (n = 455) | 11 (7.33)/14 (4.59) | 1.65 (0.73, 3.72) | 0.56 | 0.23 |
| CKD, Y/N (n = 456) | 4 (7.41)/21 (5.22) | 1.45 (0.48, 4.40) | 0.52 | 0.51 |
| HD, Y/N | 1 (4.17)/24 (5.54) | 0.74 (0.10, 5.72) | 0.51 | 0.77 |
| Chemotherapy, Y/N (n = 449) | 1 (14.29)/24 (5.43) | 2.90 (0.34, 25.09) | 0.51 | 0.33 |
| Immunotherapy, Y/N (n = 454) | 3 (8.33)/22 (5.26) | 1.64 (0.47, 5.75) | 0.52 | 0.44 |
| History of Clostridium difficile, Y/N | 0 (0)/25 (5.68) | NA | 0.52 | 0.98 |
| History of cocci, Y/N | 0 (0)/25 (5.64) | NA | 0.52 | 0.98 |
| TIPS, Y/N | 1 (2.33)/24 (5.80) | 0.39 (0.05, 2.93) | 0.53 | 0.36 |
| Ever smoker, Y/N (n = 453) | 13 (5.51)/12 (5.53) | 1.00 (0.44, 2.23) | 0.50 | 0.99 |
| Ever drinker, Y/N (n = 442) | 15 (5.17)/9 (5.92) | 0.87 (0.37, 2.03) | 0.52 | 0.74 |
| Antibiotic, Y/N (n = 441) | 5 (10.00)/20 (5.12) | 2.06 (0.74, 5.76) | 0.55 | 0.17 |
| Supplements, Y/N (n = 456) | 2 (3.39)/23 (5.79) | 0.57 (0.13, 2.49) | 0.53 | 0.45 |
| Lactate (n = 314) | 3.29 ± 2.77 | 1.10 (0.98, 1.25) | 0.62 | 0.11 |
| Platelet | 117.28 ± 78.21 | 0.996 (0.990, 1.002) | 0.55 | 0.21 |
| Fib-4 | 12.09 ± 26.13 | 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) | 0.57 | 0.76 |
| APRI | 5.11 ± 17.57 | 0.99 (0.95, 1.03) | 0.45 | 0.67 |
| CTP | 11.48 ± 1.46 | 1.20 (0.91, 1.60) | 0.55 | 0.20 |
| MELD (n = 428) | 18.73 ± 8.52 | 1.06 (1.01, 1.10) | 0.69 | 0.01 |
| Age (n = 456) | 55.50 ± 10.87 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) | 0.53 | 0.53 |
| WBC (n = 456) | 9.08 ± 6.03 | 0.96 (0.89, 1.04) | 0.51 | 0.35 |
| Hb | 11.16 ± 2.78 | 0.84 (0.72, 0.97) | 0.64 | 0.02 |
| PT (n = 433) | 21.42 ± 17.95 | 1.013 (1.001, 1.026) | 0.70 | 0.03 |
| INR (n = 433) | 1.69 ± 0.96 | 1.34 (1.03, 1.74) | 0.71 | 0.03 |
| PTT (n = 231) | 38.57 ± 16.80 | 1.015 (0.996, 1.034) | 0.73 | 0.13 |
| TB (n = 453) | 5.00 ± 6.32 | 1.052 (1.004, 1.102) | 0.63 | 0.03 |
| DB (n = 106) | 5.70 ± 5.51 | 0.91 (0.76, 1.10) | 0.52 | 0.35 |
| ALB (n = 402) | 3.43 ± 12.04 | 1.013 (0.996, 1.031) | 0.41 | 0.13 |
| ALP (n = 455) | 163.77 ± 128.99 | 0.999 (0.995, 1.003) | 0.53 | 0.59 |
| AST | 115.86 ± 248.31 | 0.996 (0.990, 1.003) | 0.52 | 0.27 |
| ALT | 64.95 ± 155.36 | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) | 0.56 | 0.18 |
| Cr (n = 454) | 1.54 ± 1.88 | 1.01 (0.82, 1.25) | 0.51 | 0.89 |
Y/N: yes/no; SD: standard deviation; C-statistic: concordance statistic; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; SIRS: systemic inflammatory response syndrome; DM: diabetes mellitus; CKD: chronic kidney diseases; HD: hemodialysis; TIPS: transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; Fib-4: fibrosure-4; APRI: AST to platelet ration index; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; MELD: model for end-stage liver disease; WBC: white blood cell count; Hb: hemoglobin; PT: prothrombin; INR: international normalized ratio; PTT: prothrombin time; TB: total bilirubin; DB: direct bilirubin; ALB: albumin; ALP: alkaline phosphatase test; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine transaminase; Cr: creatinine.