Task and results of direct ratings of dimensions. a 20 participants were asked to indicate with a mouse click where they believed objects would fall along all 49 model dimensions. Rather than providing participants with dimension labels, the rating scale was spanned by example images along the currently rated dimension (in this example, dimension 1, “artificial/hard”). b Results for the 20 tested objects revealed a good reconstruction of object similarity by dimension ratings when comparing it to the similarity predicted from the embedding that served as a reference (Pearson r = 0.85, p < 0.001, randomization test, 95% CI: 0.80–0.89). These results further support the idea that dimensions are interpretable and that they can be used to directly generate object similarities. For this figure, all images were replaced by images with similar appearance from the public domain.