Table 3:

Hospital effects on troponin ordering

Parameter	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
τ² (95% CI)	0.32 (0.24, 0.40)	0.29 (0.21, 0.36)	0.21 (0.15, 0.26)
PCV	Reference	9.5%	34.6%
ICC	0.088	0.080	0.056
MOR	1.71	1.66	1.55
C statistic (95% CI)	0.61 (0.61, 0.61)	0.71 (0.71, 0.71)	0.71 (0.71, 0.71)

CI=confidence interval. τ²=Random-effects facility-level variance; PCV=Proportional change in cluster variation calculated as $\frac{{\hat{τ}}_{n u l l}^{2} - {\hat{τ}}_{f u l l}^{2}}{{\hat{τ}}_{n u l l}^{2}}$ ; ICC=Intracluster correlation coefficient calculated as $\frac{{\hat{τ}}^{2}}{{\hat{τ}}^{2} + \frac{π^{2}}{3}}$ ; MOR=median odds ratio calculated as $e x p (\sqrt{2 {\hat{τ}}^{2}} \times Φ^{- 1} (0.75))$ .

Model 1: Intercept only model

Model 2: Encounter level characteristics (gender, age, race, current smoking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, hemoglobin, heart rate, history of the following: atrial fibrillation, alcohol abuse, anemia, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, chronic lung disease, cerebrovascular disease, depression, diabetes mellitus, drug abuse, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, liver disease, post-traumatic stress disorder, peripheral vascular disease, end-stage renal failure, sleep apnea, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ventricular arrhythmias, and history of stress test, coronary angiogram, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass grafting surgery); Model 3: Model 2 + facility level covariates (Veterans Health Administration Complexity, percutaneous coronary intervention capabilities, geographic region, urban/rural status)