Table 3.

Summary of next steps for future research pertaining to risk factors and interventions

Risk Factors	Interventions
•Greater representation of all genders, sexual minority students, racial and ethnic minority students, and students with disabilities	•Target malleable risk factors that may change during college (e.g., alcohol consumption, peer norms) and tailor for sub-group differences
•Longitudinal studies to evaluate trajectories of victimization and perpetration, including time-varying risk factors	•Account for gender-related nuances
•Greater focus on risk factors at the campus, community, and contextual level, including understanding institutional characteristics	•Identify essential elements of efficacious programs, optimal dose, timing, etc. and examine whether early interventions in the life course alter sexual violence outcomes in college.
•Use of virtual reality paradigms to enhance validity in experimental research	•Combine efficacious or promising programs that target different aspects of risk (e.g., bystander training, individual self-defense and awareness training) with climate and community-based approaches to potentially enhance impact
•More comprehensive study of protective factors across levels of social ecology	•Identify best implementation and dissemination strategies to encourage adoption and maintenance of efficacious programs
	•Examine community and campus policies and partnerships aimed at improving climate and reducing risks (e.g., alcohol policies, inclusivity initiatives, environmental modifications)
	•Conduct analyses of implementation costs and cost-effectiveness