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. 2020 Nov 13;11:5784. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19535-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Total internal energies of triple-q states with topological charge ∣Q∣ = 2 and ∣Q∣ = 1 and of selected single-q states. All energies, given with respect to the lowest-energy A2Sk state in units of meV/spin, have been calculated for NiI₂ using a 24 × 24 supercell with periodic boundary conditions. The superscript ± denotes the chiral partners of the given spin texture, related by a reflection with respect to the xy plane (and consistent with the sign of the off-diagonal terms stabilizing the given spin configuration, as discussed in the text). The single-q spin configurations have been generated by MC simulations artificially tuning the two-site anisotropy term. b Contributions to the total internal energy E^1iso, E^3iso, and E^{two-site aniso} due to isotropic and anisotropic exchange interactions parametrized by J^1iso, J^3iso and J^{two-site aniso}, respectively, given with respect to the lowest-energy A2Sk state in units of meV/spin.