Fig. 2.

Cauda equina paragangliomas have distinct epigenetic profiles. a DNA methylation-based tSNE analyses of paragangliomas and neural crest cell-derived tumor entities as well as relevant differential diagnoses of the spinal compartment: cauda equina paragangliomas form a distinct group separate from all other tumor entities. b While pheochromocytomas, extra-adrenal and head and neck paragangliomas group together, no overlap with cauda equina paragangliomas can be observed. Recurring paragangliomas (including the cerebellar metastasis in CEP35) are not different from primary paragangliomas and merge with their epigenetic subgroup. c Head and neck PGLs are located close to the TCGA M1 hypermethylated group enriched for tumors with SDH mutations (circled). PGL paraganglioma subtypes, SPINAL relevant differential diagnosis in spinal location, NCC neural crest cell-derived tumor entities, NET neuroendocrine tumors