Table 2.

Staining summary per plaque-type

Staining	The coarse-grained plaque	The cotton wool plaque	The classic cored plaque
Aβ (aa 8-17; 6F/3D)
H&E	Tissue distortion	Circumscript defined patches	Visible core
Congo red	++; fibrillar amyloid throughout the plaque	−; not fibrillar	++; fibrillar amyloid condensed into a core
pTau	++; neuropil threads +−; dystrophic neurites	++; neuropil threads	+−; dystrophic neurites
APP	+; dystrophic neurites	+−	+; dystrophic neurites
ApoE	++; throughout the plaque	++; throughout the plaque	++; in the core; +−; in the corona
PrPC	+; throughout the plaque	+; throughout the plaque	++; in the core; +−; in the corona
Aβ40	++; throughout the plaque as fibrillary or tubular structures, 61% as shell surrounding the lesser Aβ42	++; homogenous throughout the plaque	++; in the core; +−; in the corona
Aβ40	+−; in the plaque center, sometimes co-localizing with Aβ40	+; outer ring	++; in both the core and the corona
AβN3pE	++	++	++
pSer8Aβ	++	++; intense stained plaque with diffuse halo	++
C4b	++; throughout the plaque	+; outer ring	+; in the core; +−; in the corona
CD68	++; within Aβ-devoid pores	+−; occasionally 1 cell body within the plaque	+; in-between the core and the corona
MHC-II	++; within Aβ-devoid pores	+−; occasionally 1 cell body within the plaque	+; in-between the core and the corona
GFAP	+; cell bodies are often found within the plaque	+; disrupted processes mostly staining the outer plaque edges	+
Norrin	++; fibril-like throughout the plaque	++; homogenous throughout the plaque	−
Laminin	+; small punctate dots throughout the plaque	+; small punctate dots throughout the plaque	+; small punctate dots surrounding the core
Collagen IV	−	−	+−; small punctate dots surrounding the core

(Immuno)histochemical staining summary per plaque-type is given and indicated as follows: −, no staining; +−, some positive staining; +, positive staining; ++, prominent positive staining. Supplementary Material 1, Table S1, Online Resource, for antibody and staining details