Table 1.
Sociodemographic, clinical and environmental characteristics of study participants
| Variables | Category | Frequencya (%) (n = 180) | Enteric bacterial pathogen (%) (n = 15) | Enteroparasites (%) (n = 65) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male | 84 (46.7) | 5 (33.3) | 31 (47.7) |
| Female | 96 (53.3) | 10 (66.7) | 34 (52.3) | |
| Age (years) | 15–24 | 23 (12.8) | 1 (6.6) | 14 (21.5) |
| 25–34 | 48 (26.7) | 4 (26.7) | 10 (15.4) | |
| 35–44 | 69 (38.3) | 6 (40) | 25 (38.5) | |
| >45 | 40 (22.2) | 4 (26.7) | 16 (24.6) | |
| Residence | Urban | 142 (78.8) | 11 (73.3) | 59 (90.7) |
| Rural | 38 (21.1) | 4 (26.7) | 6 (9.3) | |
| Marital status | Married | 107 (59.4) | 7 (46.7) | 32 (49.2) |
| Unmarried | 5 (2.8) | 1 (6.6) | 2 (3) | |
| Divorced | 49 (27.2) | 7 (46.7) | 22 (34) | |
| Widowed | 19 (10.6) | — | 9 (13.8) | |
| Occupation | Farmer | 42 (23.3) | 6 (40) | 16 (24.6) |
| Merchant | 36 (20) | 2 (13.3) | 14 (21.5) | |
| Government employee | 61 (33.9) | 4 (26.7) | 20 (30.7) | |
| Housewife | 16 (8.9) | — | 5 (7.7) | |
| Labour work | 25 (13.9) | 3 (20) | 10 (15.4) | |
| Education | Illiterate | 46 (25.6) | 6 (40) | 17 (26) |
| Literate | 134 (74.4) | 9 (60) | 48 (74) | |
| Income/month (Ethiopian Bir (ETB)) | ≤1000 | 61 (33.9) | 6 (40) | 24 (37) |
| 1001–2000 | 81 (45) | 8 (53.4) | 26 (40) | |
| >2000 | 38 (21.1) | 1 (6.6) | 15 (23) | |
| Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis history | Yes | 65 (36.1) | 8 (53.3) | 29 (44.6) |
| No | 115 (63.9) | 7 (46.7) | 36 (55.4) | |
| Duration of diarrhoea | Acute | 113 (62.8) | 10 (66.7) | 44 (67.7) |
| Chronic | 67 (37.2) | 5 (33.3) | 21 (32.3) | |
| History of diarrhoea within 3 months | Yes | 79 (43.9) | 5 (33.3) | 35 (53.8) |
| No | 101 (56.1) | 10 (66.7) | 30 (46.2) | |
| Diagnosed for opportunistic infection | Yes | 67 (37.2) | 5 (33.3) | 21 (32.3) |
| No | 113 (62.8) | 10 (66.7) | 44 (67.7) | |
| Appearance of stool specimen | Watery | 132 (73.3) | 10 (66.7) | 50 (77) |
| Mucoid/bloody | 18 (10) | 4 (26.7) | 5 (7.7) | |
| Loose | 30 (16.7) | 1 (6.6) | 10 (15.3) | |
| CD4 T-cell count (cells/μL) | <200 | 20 (11.1) | 4 (26.7) | 12 (18.4) |
| 200–500 | 68 (37.7) | 8 (53.3) | 29 (44.6) | |
| >500 | 92 (51.1) | 3 (20) | 24 (37)` | |
| Source of water for drinking | Protected | 149 (82.8) | 9 (60) | 57 (87.7) |
| Unprotected | 31 (17.8) | 6 (40) | 8 (12.3) | |
| Where did you use latrine service | Private | 112 (62.2) | 8 (53.3) | 41 (63) |
| Public | 68 (37.8) | 7 (46.7) | 24 (37) | |
| Do you have a habit of consuming raw food | Yes | 93 (51.7) | 12 (80) | 24 (37) |
| No | 87 (48.3) | 3 (20) | 41 (63) | |
| Are there domestic animals in your house | Yes | 79 (43.9) | 12 (80) | 29 (44.6) |
| No | 101 (56.1) | 3 (20) | 36 (55.4) | |
| Hand washing practice after toilet | Yes | 111 (61.1) | 9 (60) | 20 (30.7) |
| No | 69 (38.9) | 6 (40) | 45 (69.3) | |
| Hand washing practice before meals | No | 86 (47.8) | 5 (33.3) | 37 (57) |
| Yes | 94 (52.2) | 10 (66.7) | 28 (43) |
a
The total number of participants corresponding to 100 % is 180.