Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| bvAD | tAD | bvFTD | CN1 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 29 | 28 | 28 | 34 | |
| Age, years | 64.4 (9.4) | 63.0 (9.3) | 64.6 (4.4) | 64.9 (9.9) | 0.84 |
| Sex, no. male (%) | 17 (59) | 16 (55) | 21 (70) | 22 (65) | 0.82 |
| Educationa, years mean (SD) | 15.7 (2.6) | 15.8 (2.8) | 15.1 (3.4) | 17.9 (2.0) | 0.001 |
| MMSEb †, mean (SD) | 22.0 (5.9) | 22.1 (5.7) | 21.3 (6.7) | 29.5 (0.7) | 0.001 |
| APOEε4 positivityc, no. of patients (%) | 11/18 (61) | 10/14 (67) | 3/27 (11) | 6/34 (18) | < 0.001 |
| MRI scanner field strength | 0.16 | ||||
| 1.5 T | 17 (59) | 22 (79) | 14 (50) | 22 (65) | |
| 3 T | 12 (41) | 6 (21) | 14 (50) | 12 (35) | |
| Memory domain z-scored °, mean (SD) | − 3.5 (1.5) | − 3.9 (1.3) | − 2.8 (1.7) | 0.3 (0.9) | < 0.001 |
| Executive domain z-scoree °, mean (SD) | − 1.9 (1.0) | − 1.9 (1.0) | − 2.1 (1.0) | 0.0 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
| NPI scoref ◊, mean (SD) | 30.2 (20.6) | 12.8 (15.4) | 34.7 (17.2) | – | 0.001 |
Differences between groups were assessed using (M)ANOVA tests, chi-square tests, and Kruskall-Wallis tests with post hoc Mann-Whitney U tests, where appropriate. All p values were corrected for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction. Data presented above are based on the groups for whom T1 MRI scans were available. See Supplement 2 for equivalent information in groups for which FDG and FLAIR-MRI scans were available
†MMSE data was available for n = 26 for bvAD, n = 19 for tAD, n = 27 for bvFTD, and n = 34 for CN1
°Cognition data was available for n = 22 for bvAD, n = 28 for tAD, n = 24 for bvFTD, and n = 30 for CN1
◊NPI data was available for n = 13 for bvAD, n = 18 for tAD, n = 20 for bvFTD, and n = 0 for CN1
aControls > patients, p < 0.01
bControls > patients, p < 0.001
cbvAD and tAD > controls, p < 0.01, bvAD and tAD > bvFTD, p < 0.001
dControls > patients, p < 0.001, tAD < bvFTD, p < 0.05
eControls > patients, p < 0.001
fbvAD and bvFTD > tAD, p < 0.01