Table 4.
Effect of baseline parameters on the time evolution of IL-6 and HMGB1 levels
| Variable | Coefficient (SE) on IL-6* | P-value | Coefficient (SE) on HMGB1* |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.13 (0.041) | 0.0044 | 0.026 (0.033) | 0.45 |
| Gender (Male vs. Female) | 0.75 (0.54) | 0.18 | 0.30 (0.41) | 0.47 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.027 (0.049) | 0.59 | −0.060 (0.033) | 0.079 |
| Education level(a) | −0.27 (0.29) | 0.35 | −0.37 (0.21) | 0.086 |
| No. of languages known | −0.027 (0.25) | 0.95 | 0.24 (0.19) | 0.21 |
| Working (Yes vs. No) | −0.79 (0.63) | 0.23 | 0.15 (0.50) | 0.77 |
| Marital status | ||||
| (Divorced vs Married) | 0.19 (0.63) | 0.77 | −0.25 (0.48) | 0.60 |
| (Widow vs. Married) | −0.85 (0.95) | 0.38 | −0.45 (0.64) | 0.49 |
| Self-sufficient (Yes vs. No) | −0.53 (1.10) | 0.63 | −0.22 (0.73) | 0.77 |
| Living situation (No. of people) | 0.038 (0.42) | 0.93 | 0.33 (0.31) | 0.29 |
| No. of alcoholic drinks/week(b) | −0.078 (0.22) | 0.72 | −0.024 (0.17) | 0.89 |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| (Current vs. Never) | −0.45 (0.63) | 0.48 | 0.55 (0.45) | 0.23 |
| (Past vs. Never) | −0.73 (0.71) | 0.31 | 0.79 (0.53) | 0.15 |
| Surgery | ||||
| (Orthopedic vs. General) | 0.19 (0.67) | 0.78 | −0.39 (0.49) | 0.44 |
| (Genitourinary vs. General) | −0.80 (0.66) | 0.23 | −0.90 (0.48) | 0.073 |
| No. of psychoactive medications(b) | −1.25 (0.59) | 0.041 | −0.40 (0.47) | 0.40 |
| Type 2 Diabetes (Yes vs. No) | 0.79 (0.64) | 0.22 | 0.53 (0.45) | 0.25 |
| IPAQ work-related (h/week)(b) | −1.55 (0.65) | 0.024 | 0.064 (0.55) | 0.91 |
| IPAQ transport-related (h/day)(b) | −0.36 (0.63) | 0.57 | −0.41 (0.44) | 0.36 |
| IPAQ household-related (h/day)(b) | −0.30 (0.53) | 0.57 | −0.65 (0.38) | 0.092 |
| IPAQ leisure time-related (h/day)(b) | −0.86 (0.66) | 0.21 | −0.093 (0.51) | 0.86 |
| IPAQ sitting time (h/day)(b) | 0.058 (0.62) | 0.93 | −0.40 (0.43) | 0.36 |
| Energy (METs-min)(b) | −0.012 (0.032) | 0.71 | 0.0030 (0.023) | 0.90 |
| GDS | 0.039 (0.062) | 0.54 | −0.009 (0.045) | 0.84 |
| MMSE baseline | 0.029 (0.074) | 0.70 | 0.038 (0.051) | 0.46 |
| IL-6 baseline (pg/ml)(c) | 0.86 (0.084) | < 0.0001 | 0.059 (0.14) | 0.69 |
| HMGB1 baseline (pg/ml)(c) | 0.097 (0.18) | 0.59 | 0.68 (0.065) | < 0.0001 |
*covariate regression coefficients are adjusted for time; a positive (negative) coefficient is associated with an increasing (lowering) impact of parameter on IL-6 or HMBD1 levels over time
(a) treated as an ordinal variable
(b) square root transform applied to normalize the distribution
(c) log-transform applied to normalize the distribution
BMI Body mass index, SE Standard error, MMSE Mini-mental state examination, IPAQ International Physical Activity questionnaire, IL Interleukin, HMGB1 High molecular group box protein 1, METs Metabolic equivalents, GDS Geriatric depression scale