Table VII.
Clinical characteristics during hospital admission
| Clinical measures | Clinical subgroups |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total, N = 281 |
Respiratory, N = 143 | MIS-C, N = 69 |
Other, N = 69 |
P value | |||||
| Maximum respiratory support | |||||||||
| Ambient air | 169/281 | (60.1%) | 60/143 | (42.0%) | 43/69 | (62.3%) | 66/69 | (95.7%) | <.001 |
| Noninvasive respiratory support | |||||||||
| Low-flow nasal cannula | 42/281 | (14.9%) | 29/143 | (20.3%) | 11/69 | (15.9%) | 2/69 | (2.9%) | .001 |
| High-flow nasal cannula | 24/281 | (8.5%) | 16/143 | (11.2%) | 8/69 | (11.6%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | .004 |
| Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation | 8/281 | (2.8%) | 5/143 | (3.5%) | 3/69 | (4.3%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | .24 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 29/281 | (10.3%) | 25/143 | (17.5%) | 3/69 | (4.3%) | 1/69 | (1.4%) | <.001 |
| Medical therapy | |||||||||
| Hydroxychloroquine | 50/281 | (17.8%) | 49/143 | (34.3%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | 1/69 | (1.4%) | <.001 |
| Remdesivir | 31/281 | (11.0%) | 26/143 | (18.2%) | 5/69 | (7.2%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Methylprednisolone | 72/281 | (25.6%) | 39/143 | (27.3%) | 32/69 | (46.4%) | 1/69 | (1.4%) | <.001 |
| Interleukin inhibitor | 23/281 | (8.2%) | 10/143 | (7.0%) | 13/69 | (18.8%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Azithromycin | 38/281 | (13.5%) | 34/143 | (23.8%) | 4/69 | (5.8%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Convalescent plasma | 4/281 | (1.4%) | 3/143 | (2.1%) | 1/69 | (1.4%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | .81 |
| Intravenous immunoglobulin | 47/281 | (16.7%) | 3/143 | (2.1%) | 41/69 | (59.4%) | 3/69 | (4.3%) | <.001 |
| Empiric antibiotics (excluding azithromycin) | 178/281 | (63.3%) | 93/143 | (65.0%) | 47/69 | (68.1%) | 38/69 | (55.1%) | .23 |
| Anticoagulant therapy | 98/281 | (34.9%) | 55/143 | (38.5%) | 41/69 | (59.4%) | 2/69 | (2.9%) | <.001 |
| Complications | |||||||||
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome∗ | 27/281 | (9.6%) | 24/143 | (16.8%) | 3/69 | (4.3%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Acute kidney injury∗ | 37/281 | (13.2%) | 15/143 | (10.5%) | 17/69 | (24.6%) | 5/69 | (7.2%) | .008 |
| Carditis∗ | 20/281 | (7.1%) | 3/143 | (2.1%) | 17/69 | (24.6%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Shock∗ | 26/281 | (9.3%) | 2/143 | (1.4%) | 24/69 | (34.8%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Thrombotic event∗ | 12/281 | (4.3%) | 11/143 | (7.7%) | 1/69 | (1.4%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | .014 |
| Bacteremia | 12/281 | (4.3%) | 10/143 | (7.0%) | 2/69 | (2.9%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | .050 |
| Urinary tract infection | 10/281 | (3.6%) | 9/143 | (6.3%) | 0/69 | (0.0%) | 1/69 | (1.4%) | .037 |
| Outcomes | |||||||||
| Discharged home | 267/281 | (95.0%) | 133/143 | (93.0%) | 66/69 | (95.7%) | 68/69 | (98.6%) | .21 |
| Hospital length of stay, median d (IQR)† | 4 | (2-8) | 5 | (2-10) | 6 | (3-8) | 2 | (2-4) | <.001 |
| Required ICU stay | 114/281 | (40.6%) | 64/143 | (44.8%) | 44/69 | (63.8%) | 6/69 | (8.7%) | <.001 |
| ICU length of stay, median d (IQR)‡ | 5 | (2-10) | 6 | (2-17) | 4 | (2-7) | 2 | (1-3) | <.001 |
Data are presented as median (IQR) for continuous measures and n/total (%) for categorical measures.
P values estimated using Fisher exact and Kruskal–Wallis tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.
∗
See definitions in Table II.
†
Hospital length of stay excluding patients who were transferred to another facility.
‡
ICU length of stay excluding patients who did not spend time in ICU.