Table 5.
Mitigating earnings losses.
| % with earn. loss | Used savings | Borrowed | New work | Mortgage hol. | New Universal credit | SEISS | Family transfer etc. | Used foodbank | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 45 | 26 | 8 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 2 |
| Gender: | |||||||||
| Men | 47 | 25 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 1 |
| Women | 44 | 27 | 8 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 13 | 4 |
| Ethnicity: | |||||||||
| Not BAME | 45 | 25 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 2 |
| BAME | 42 | 36 | 21 | 4 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 3 |
| Age: | |||||||||
| Age 20–29 | 41 | 22 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 14 | 4 | 18 | 3 |
| Age 30–39 | 45 | 23 | 9 | 4 | 13 | 9 | 6 | 16 | 2 |
| Age 40–49 | 46 | 25 | 11 | 3 | 13 | 8 | 11 | 11 | 1 |
| Age 50–59 | 45 | 32 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 1 |
| Age 60–65 | 51 | 26 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 7 |
| Household type: | |||||||||
| Adult, no child | 44 | 25 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 21 | 9 | 22 | 4 |
| Adult, child | 37 | 35 | 22 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 40 | 12 |
| Adults, no child | 43 | 26 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 3 |
| Adults, child | 48 | 25 | 11 | 4 | 14 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 1 |
| Pre-COVID-19 income | |||||||||
| quintile: | |||||||||
| 1 | 52 | 31 | 16 | 4 | 6 | 14 | 11 | 27 | 8 |
| 2 | 46 | 32 | 11 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 17 | 2 |
| 3 | 40 | 25 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 2 |
| 4 | 47 | 21 | 4 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 0 |
| 5 | 42 | 23 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 9 | 4 | 0 |
| Worker type: | |||||||||
| Fixed hours | 40 | 21 | 6 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 0 | 9 | 1 |
| Flexible hours | 42 | 18 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Emp. sets (sure min.) | 53 | 22 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 17 | 0 | 16 | 1 |
| Emp. sets (no min.) | 41 | 25 | 3 | 31 | 16 | 36 | 0 | 11 | 1 |
| Self-employed | 59 | 53 | 15 | 7 | 12 | 23 | 54 | 17 | 1 |
Notes: Each cell refers to a percentage of individuals experiencing a household earnings loss of at least 10 percent between February and May. Methods of mitigation were collected in both April and May and respondents can report multiple methods of mitigation at each monthly interview. Sample size: 2617. SEISS refers to the “Self-employment Income Support Scheme”. BAME refers to Black, Asian and Minority ethnic groups. Household type is measured in May and Worker type in February. “Emp. sets (sure min)” are contracts where the employer chooses the hours of the worker, but guarantees a minimum number of hours; “Emp. sets (no min)” are contracts where the employer chooses the hours of the worker and does not guarantee to offer any hours. Pre-COVID-19 income quintiles are assigned on the basis of household income averaged across up to 3 previous waves of the main study.