Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baselinea
| Variable | All patients (n = 52) |
Personalized music (n = 17) |
Relaxing slow- tempo music (n = 17) |
Audiobook (attention control) (n = 18) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .97 | ||||
| 18-49 | 12 (23) | 3 (18) | 4 (24) | 5 (28) | |
| 50-64 | 27 (52) | 10 (59) | 9 (53) | 8 (44) | |
| ≥65 | 13 (25) | 4 (24) | 4 (24) | 5 (28) | |
| Race | .05 | ||||
| African American | 20 (40) | 9 (53) | 8 (47) | 3 (17) | |
| White | 29 (56) | 7 (41) | 8 (47) | 14 (78) | |
| Education | .58 | ||||
| High school/GED | 22 (42) | 7 (41) | 6 (40) | 9 (60) | |
| Female sex | 27 (52) | 10 (59) | 8 (47) | 9 (50) | .83 |
| ADL index,b median (IQR) | 6 (3-6) | 6 (4-6) | 5 (3-6) | 6 (3-6) | .97 |
| IADL score,c median (IQR) | 8 (3-8) | 8 (1-8) | 8 (7-8) | 7.5 (3-8) | .37 |
| IQCODE, median (IQR) | 3 (3.0-3.1) | 3 (3.0-3.1) | 3 (3.0-3.1) | 3 (3.0-3.1) | .49 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 1 (0-3) | 2 (1-3) | 1 (0-4) | 1 (0-3) | .64 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 52 (100) | 17 (100) | 17 (100) | 18 (100) | NA |
| Inpatient characteristics | |||||
| APACHE II score, median (IQR) | 20 (15-28) | 20 (17-32) | 19.5 (14.0-24.5) | 19.5 (16-28) | .67 |
| Primary diagnosis at admission | .53 | ||||
| Shock or sepsis | 7 (13.5) | 3 (17.6) | 2 (12) | 2 (11) | |
| Respiratory failure | 20 (38.5) | 5 (29.4) | 6 (35) | 9 (50) | |
| Surgery or trauma | 14 (27.0) | 5 (29.4) | 6 (35) | 3 (17) | |
| Cardiac | 4 (7.7) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 3 (17) | |
| Other | 7 (13.5) | 3 (17.6) | 3 (18) | 1 (6) | |
| Intensive care unit | .89 | ||||
| Medical | 35 (68.6) | 11 (68.8) | 11 (65) | 13 (72) | |
| Surgical | 16 (31.4) | 5 (31.2) | 6 (35) | 5 (28) |
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; GED, general education diploma; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; IQCODE, Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise specified.
b
Assessed with the Katz Index of Independence in ADL.
c
Assessed with the Lawton IADL Scale.