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. 2020 Oct;10(5):1646–1658. doi: 10.21037/cdt-20-450

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Three-dimensional characterization of an anomalous right upper pulmonary vein (RUPV)-superior vena cava (SVC) communication. A 67-year-old man presented for the first time with unexplained dyspnea. Advanced imaging indicated that this was due to undiagnosed congenital heart disease causing anomalous pulmonary venous return to the superior vena cava. (A) Still frame image acquired during 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography demonstrates contiguous blood flow between the right upper pulmonary vein (outlined by arrowheads) and SVC. Asterisks (*) designate the margins of the anomalous channel between these structures. (B) Multislice 3-dimensional reconstructive computed tomographic angiography (acquired at right anterior oblique of 84°, caudal of 31°) reveals an abnormal RUPV-SVC communication (provided at increased magnification in the inset) with normal insertion of the RUPV into the left atrium (LA). (C) Multislice 3-dimensional reconstructed computed tomographic angiography shows a superior course of the anomalous RUPV from the lung parenchyma without meandering before communication with the SVC. Asterisk (*) indicates RUPV. IVC indicates inferior vena cava; and RA, right atrium. Reproduced with permission from Clarke et al., Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6(2):349-351.