Table 3.

Association between metformin plus sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors and metformin plus insulin and study outcomes after propensity score matching

Outcomes	Treatment groups			McNemar test
	Metformin + SGLT-2i (n = 34)	Other GLD (n = 34)	p value
In-hospital deaths	6 (17.6%)	10 (29.4%)	0.391	1.000
ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death	10 (29.4%)	11 (32.4%)	0.987	0.965
In-hospital complications	19 (55.9%)	22 (64.7%)	0.620	0.201
Long-time hospital stay	6 (17.6%)	4 (11.8%)	0.732	0.838
	Metformin + insulin (n = 67)	Other GLD (n = 67)	p value
In-hospital deaths	24 (35.8%)	23 (34.3%)	1.000	0.521
ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death	46 (68.7%)	36 (53.7%)	0.112	0.111
In-hospital complications	44 (65.7%)	36 (53.7%)	0.218	0.480
Long-time hospital stay	15 (22.4%)	13 (19.4%)	0.832	0.870

Data are shown as absolute values and percentages. Values were considered to be statistically significant when p < 0.05

GLD glucose-lowering drugs, ICU intensive care unit, SGLT-2i sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors